摘要目的 调研我国黄海海域海洋细菌种类及对抗菌药物的敏感性.方法 采集黄渤海144份海水样本进行细菌增菌培养和细菌分离,挑选单个菌落应用VITEK全自动微生物鉴定仪(VITEK-AMS)、API微生物鉴定系统和BIOMIC Vision检测仪进行细菌鉴定和药敏测定.结果 从144份海水样本中分离出各种细菌190株,其中弧菌科78株(41.05％)、肠杆菌科23株(12.10％)、非发酵菌82株(43.16％)、肠球菌5株(2.63％),真菌2株(1.05％).药敏结果显示:23种抗菌药物中,海水中的各种细菌普遍对亚胺培南、头孢吡肟、头孢他啶、左旋氧氟沙星和四环素呈较高敏感性(＞90％),为优选抗生素；而对哌拉西林、复方新诺明、头孢呋辛、头孢哌酮与氨苄西林的敏感性较低(＜60％),为慎用或禁用抗生素；其他抗生素的敏感性在60％ ～ 90％范围,可作为备用抗生素.结论 本调查初步建立了黄渤海海域细菌谱和药物敏感性的本底数据库,为海上作业伤、海上意外伤等海洋细菌感染的早期防治研究与抗菌药物的选用提供了理论依据.

abstractsObjective To investigate the species and antimicrobial sensitivity of marine bacteria off the Yellow and Bohai Seas of China.Methods One hundred and forty-four samples from the Yellow and Bohai Seas were collected for culture.Single colony was chosen for microbial identification with the VITEK full automatic microbial detector (VITEK AMS),the API system and the BIOMIC Vision detector,and then antimicrobial sensitivity analysis was made accordingly.Results One hundred and ninety strains were isolated from 144 seawater samples,including 78 strains of vibrios (41.05％),23 strains of enterobacteria (12.10％),82 strains of nonfermenters (43.16％),5 strains of enterococcus (2.63％) and 2 strains of fungi (1.05％).Sensitivity tests showed that various strains of bacteria were universally more sensitive to Imipenem,Cefepime,Cefiazidime,Levofloxacin and Tetracycline (＞ 90％) in the 23 antibiotics,indicating that they could be subsequently selected as the first-choice antibiotics,while those strains were less sensitive to Piperacillin,SMZ,Cefuroxime,Cefoperazone and Ampicillin (＜ 60％),which should be applied cautiously or avoided.Other antibiotics with a sensitivity of 60％-90％ were defined as alternative antibiotics.Conclusions Through the study,we have established a basic database of bacterial spectrum in the Yellow and Bohai Seas and antimicrobial sensitivity,which will provide theoretical evidence for early-stage prevention and treatment of traumas or accidental injuries sustained during marine operations.