摘要目的 调查某水面舰艇舰员长远航后运动系统疾病或症状发生率,探讨其影响因素.方法 随机选取某水面舰艇长远航舰员,采用自制的长远航运动系统疾病及暴露因素问卷表进行调查,受试者独立填写完成,现场收回,采用Excel及SPSS 13.0等软件进行统计.结果 发放问卷共109份,回收95份,有效问卷90份,总有效率为94.7％.有效问卷的被调查者平均年龄(25.12±4.63)岁;女舰员11人,男舰员79人;既往存在运动系统慢性疾病22人,占24.4％.运动系统疾病或症状发生率长远航前为58％ (52/90),长远航后为65.2％(58/90).住舱较干燥的舰员共33人,运动系统疾病(或症状)的自述发生率长远航前共22/33,占66.7％,长远航后为63.6(21/33);而住舱较潮湿的舰员共46人,发生率为长远航前为54.3％(25/46),长远航后为73.9％ (34/46).结论 长远航中,潮湿的住舱环境对舰员肌肉骨骼系统有影响.

abstractsObjective To investigate the incidence of motor system disorders or symptoms that occurred among naval afloat personnel onboard a certain naval surface ship after a prolonged distant voyage.Methods In the year of 2015,a randomized questionnaire survey was carried out among the naval afloat personnel,who experienced a prolonged ocean-going voyage greater than 5 months with a total distance as far as 32 500 nautical miles,covering 4 continents and crossing 2 great oceans.All the subjects finished the questionnaire survey independently and all the questionnaire survey forms were recovered on site and statistical analyses were made by Excel and SPSS 13.0 software.Results Totally,109 copies of questionnaire were issued and 95 copies were recovered,and 90 copies were confirmed valid,with a total valid rate of 94.7％.The average age of the subjects (11 females and 79 males) was (25.12 ± 4.63) years.There were 22 naval afloat personnel with past motor system chronic diseases,accounting for 24.4％.Before prolong distant voyage,52 people complained of motor system disorders (52/90),accounting for 58％,but after prolonged distant voyage,58 people complained of motor system disorders (58/90),accounting for 65.2％.Before prolonged distant voyage,in the ship crew who lived in the relatively dry cabins,22 people complained of motor system disorders (22/33),accounting for 66.7％,but after prolonged distant voyage,21 people complained of motor system disorders (21/33),accounting for 63.6％.However,Before prolonged distant voyage,in the ship crew who lived in the relatively humid cabins,25 people complained of motor system disorders (25/46),accounting for 54.3％,but after prolonged distant voyage,34 people complained of motor system disorders (34/46),accounting for 73.9％.Conclusions Various environmental factors during prolonged distant voyage,particularly humidity in living cabins,exerted negative effects on musculoskeletal system.More strict prophylactic countermeasures should be applied.Due to high incidence of musculoskeletal system disorders,poor knowledge of the naval ship crew about the prevention and treatment of the disorders and their urgent desire to obtain required necessary consultation on the disorders,corresponding medical service should be provided in accordance with the above-mentioned features.