摘要目的 对海航飞行员进行体能测试,了解其现状,并针对出现的问题,提出解决问题的办法.方法 测试95名海航飞行员体能,按年龄分为25 ～ 29岁组、30 ～ 34岁组、35～39岁组、40 ～ 44岁组,对测试数据进行分析比较.结果 25～29岁、30 ～ 34岁组的体脂百分比(19.4％±4.8％,19.1％±4.6％)显著低于40 ～ 44岁组(22.5％±4.6％),差异有统计学意义(P ＜0.05);35 ～39岁和40 ～ 44岁组的体质量指数(BMI)和体脂百分比均值大于正常水平;肺活量和台阶指数各组之间无差异,飞行员肺活量水平高于普通人,台阶指数水平与普通人无差异;握力、俯卧撑、闭眼单脚站立各组之间无差异,且均高于普通人;飞行员的背力均值低于普通人;25 ～ 29岁、30 ～ 34岁组的纵跳高度显著大于35 ～ 39岁组(P＜0.01);25 ～ 29岁组的坐位体前屈距离显著大于35 ～ 39岁组(P＜0.05);25 ～ 29岁组的选择反应时显著短于40～44岁组(P＜0.05).结论 35岁以上的海航飞行员BMI和体脂百分比均值达到了普通人群的超重范围,应合理控制饮食,注重心肺耐力的训练,加强腰背肌力的训练,注重体能训练.

abstractsObjective To conduct physical performance test of naval aviators,so as to understand its current status,and propose solutions to existing problems.Methods Physical performance test was performed in 95 naval aviators who were divided by age into group 1 (age between 25 and 29),group 2 (age between 30 and 34),group 3 (age between 35 and 39) and group 4 (age between 40 and 44).Then,analyses and comparisons of the obtained data were made accordingly.Results Body fat percentage of group 1 and 2 was significantly lower than that of group 4(P ＜ 0.05),and the body mass index and body fat percentage of group 3 and 4 were higher than the normal level.There were no significant differences in vital capacity and step index between the groups.The vital capacity of the aviators was higher than that of the ordinary people,however,there were no significant differences in the level of the step index,as compared with that of the ordinary people.There were no significant differences in the data of grip strength,push-ups,single-leg standing with eyes closed,when comparisons were made between the groups,and they all were higher than those of the ordinary people.The average value of the back strength of the aviators was lower than that of the ordinary people.Vertical jump levels of group 1 and 2 were significantly higher than that of group 3 (P ＜ 0.05).The seated flexion of group 1 was significantly higher than that of group 3 (P ＜ 0.05),and the selective response time of group 1 was significantly higher than that of group 43 (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions (1) The average data of BMI and body fat for the naval aviators witb an age over 35 were excessive,and measures should be taken to control diet and intensify physical exercise.(2) Naval aviators should pay attention to cardiopulmonary tolerance training,so as to improve tolerance capability.(3) Efforts should also be made on the part of naval aviators to intensify training on the lower back muscle strength and avoid occurrence of lower back injury.(4) Naval aviators with an age over 35 should pay more attention to physical performance training,improve physical capacity and delay decline of athletic ability.