摘要目的 探讨新人校飞行学员的MBTI人格类型特征,为飞行人员的心理评估、健康教育与干预策略提供理论依据. 方法 1100名新人校飞行学员,根据入学时考试成绩分为甲、乙、丙3个班.应用修订后的中文版MBTI人格类型量表,对新人校飞行学员进行测试. 结果 新入校飞行学员在外向(E)、感觉(S)、思维(T)、判断(J)偏好上的得分均高于内向(I),直觉(N)、情感(F)、知觉(P)偏好上的得分;外倾感觉思维判断(ESTJ)人格类型最多,其次为内倾感觉思维判断(ISTJ)、外倾直觉思维判断(ENTJ)、外倾感觉情感判断(ESFJ)人格类型,内倾直觉情感判断(INFJ)、外倾直觉情感判断(ENFJ)、内倾直觉情感知觉(INFP)和内倾直觉思维知觉(INTP)人格类型人数最少.甲、乙、丙班学员在E、S、T、J偏好上的得分均高于I、N、F、P偏好:3个班中,百分比最高的人格类型均为ESTJ;百分比最少的人格类型,甲班、丙班为INFJ,乙班为ENFJ;比较甲、乙、丙班学员MBTI人格类型分布,差异均有统计学意义. 结论 新人校飞行学员大多为E、S、T、J偏好,这与军队的特殊环境和军事飞行人员所肩负的责任要求相适应;仍有少数飞行学员易发生各种心理健康问题;因在飞行学员中表现有不同的人格特征,应有针对性地进行心理卫生教育、指导和保护工作.

abstractsObjective To investigate the Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) personality types of new student pilots and provide the theory references of psychological assessment, health education and intervention strategy. Methods One thousand and one hundred new enrolled student pilots were divided into class Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ by their entrance examination scores and were tested by revised Chinese version MBTI. Results The scores of new student pilots who fell on the factors of extroversion (E), sensing (S), thinking (T) and judging (J) in personality trend were higher than those on the factors of introversion (I), intuition (N), feeling (F) and perceiving (P). The number of new student pilots with ESTJ personality type ranked the highest, then those with ISTJ, ENTJ, ESFJ personality type; and those with INFJ, ENFJ, INFP and INTP personality type were the least. All students in three classes scored higher on the factors of E, S, T and J in personality trend than on the factors of I, N, F and P. For all three classes the highest percentage of personality types were ESTJ; and for the least personality types, class Ⅰ and Ⅱ showed as INFJ while class Ⅱ appeared as ENFJ. All student pilots of three classes showed significant difference on the distribution of MBTI personality types. Conclusions The new student pilots fell on factors of E, S, T and J in personality trend were the majority, which meet with the special environment of army and the responsibility of military aviators. However, a few student pilots still tended to be troubled by various psychological problems. Since students show different personality characteristics, so the targeted psychological health education, guide and protection are suggested.