摘要目的 通过32 h完全睡眠剥夺(sleep deprivation,SD)模式,诱发个体认知能力下降,探讨32 h完全SD对心理旋转加工速度的影响.方法 8名健康男性青年志愿者在32 h完全SD条件下(凌晨6:00至次日14:00),采用自身前后对照设计,分别在8个时间点(SD 2 h、SD 14 h、SD 18 h、SD 20 h、SD 22 h、SD 24 h、SD 28 h和SD 32 h)进行字母R心理旋转测验,分析比较心理旋转加工过程中非旋转加工速度与旋转加工速度的变化.结果 随着SD时间的延长,代表非旋转阶段加工速度的截距逐渐增大,同时反映旋转阶段加下速度的斜率也逐渐变大,且差异具有统计学意义(截距F(7.56)=4.602,P＜0.01;斜率F(7.56)3.863,P＜0.05).在剥夺后22～24 h阶段,即凌晨4:00至6:00这种变化达到顶点,与其他时间点比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);6:00后逐渐下降.结论 凌晨6:00开始的32 h完全SD,在SD后22～24 h可明显降低图形表象心理旋转加工速度,提示由于受试者警觉水平下降,降低了对图形表象的知觉编码、辨别、判断、选择和执行过程的速度,同时亦降低了对图形表象的旋转速度.

abstractsObjective To explore the effect of sleep deprivation(SD) on human performance by investigating the change of processing speed of mental rotation on male subjects whose sleep was deprived for 32 hour. Methods During 32 h SD (from 6:00 am to 2:00 pm next day) 8 healthy male college students were tested by letter R mental rotation task to get processing speed of rotation at different measuring time after SD start (SD 2 h, SD 14 h, SD 18 h, SD 20 h, SD 22 h, SD 24 h, SD28 h and SD 32 h). The processing speeds of rotation (slope) and non-rotation (intercept) were compared and analyzed. Results The intercept and slope that respectively indicated the processing speed of non-rotation and rotation were gradually increased with SD time (for intercept F(7.56)=4.602,P＜0.01, for slope F(7.56)=3.863,P＜0.05). The peak values of intercept and slope were appeared in the period of 22-24 h after SD start, that was from 4:00 am to 6:00 am, which were significantly higher than those in other measuring time (P＜0.05) and then followed gradual decrease.Conclusions In 32h test, 22-24 h SD that started from 6:00 am has already significantly slowed down the processing speed of mental rotation and this indicates that subject's alert has declined by the retrogression of achieving coding, identification, judgment, choice and execution tasks.