摘要目的:探讨新型便携式颈部训练仪对直升机飞行人员颈部肌肉训练的效果，为部队应用提供参考依据。方法:于2021年1月至2022年6月，选取在东部战区驻训的直升机飞行人员，采用随机数字表法按照1∶1比例分配到观察组或对照组。对照组自行进行日常的颈部肌肉训练，观察组利用新型便携式颈部训练仪进行颈椎前屈、后伸及左右侧屈功能训练。对比分析2组直升机飞行人员训练前后的颈椎前凸角、颈部肌肉的横截面积和强度，以及颈肩部疼痛评分。结果:共有68名直升机飞行人员参与研究，观察组和对照组各34人。观察组飞行人员的颈肩部疼痛评分训练后较训练前分别降低（0.8±0.2）分和（1.3±0.3）分，差异有统计学意义（ t=4.43、18.55， P均<0.001）；且改善情况优于对照组（ t=15.65、18.44， P均<0.001）。观察组训练后颈椎前凸角较训练前改善（3.2±1.3）°，颈椎肌肉横截面积增大了（3.1±0.4）cm 2，改善程度优于对照组（ t=11.97、23.32， P均<0.001）。观察组的颈部前屈、后伸、左右侧屈的肌肉力量分别提高了25.6%、27.9%、59.5%及54.7%，提高程度均优于对照组（ t=14.28、12.02、10.52、14.44， P均<0.001）；前屈、后伸、左右侧屈的10 s最大冲量分别提高了44.2%、52.0%、71.5%及71.4%，提高程度均优于对照组（ t=11.08、12.94、16.81、10.42， P均<0.001）。 结论:新型便携式颈部训练仪可以增强颈部肌肉的强度、改善颈椎前凸缓解颈肩部疼痛，适用于飞行人员外出驻训或疗养时的颈部肌肉训练，值得推广。

abstractsObjective:To provide references for army application by exploring the effect of a new portable neck muscle trainer on neck muscle training for helicopter flying personnel.Methods:The helicopter flying personnel who stationed in Eastern Theater from January of 2021 to June of 2022, were selected as subjects, and assigned to observation group and control group according to the ratio of 1∶1 by random number table. The flying personnel in control group performed daily neck functional exercise by themselves, and the flying personnel in observation group used a new portable neck trainer for cervical flexion, extension and left and right lateral flexion exercise. The cervical lordosis angle, cross-sectional area and strength of neck muscles, and the neck and shoulder pain scores were compared between 2 groups and between the states before and after the training.Results:Sixty-eight helicopter flying personnel participated in the study, 34 in the observation group and 34 in the control group. By training the neck and shoulder pain scores of the flying personnel in the observation group were reduced by (0.8±0.2) points and (1.3±0.3) points respectively, with significant differences ( t=4.43, 18.55, both P<0.001), and the improvements were better than those of the control group ( t=15.65, 18.44, both P<0.001). The cervical spine lordosis improved by (3.2±1.3)° compared with the state before training in the observation group, and the muscle area of the cervical spine increased by (3.1±0.4) cm 2, which was better than that of the control group ( t=11.97, 23.32, both P<0.001). The muscle strength of anterior flexion, posterior extension and left and right lateral flexion of the cervical spine increased by 25.6%, 27.9%, 59.5% and 54.7%, respectively, which were better than those of the control group ( t=14.28, 12.02, 10.52, 14.44, all P<0.001). The maximum impulse of 10 s of forward flexion, posterior extension and left and right lateral flexion increased by 44.2%, 52.0%, 71.5% and 71.4%, respectively, which were better than that of the control group ( t=11.08, 12.94, 16.81, 10.42, all P<0.001). Conclusions:The portable cervical spine trainer can enhance the strength of neck muscles, improve cervical lordosis and relieve neck and shoulder pain, and is suggested to apply to the neck muscle exercises in field training or in the training during recuperation for flying personnel.