摘要目的 寻找新的鉴别诊断MTB复合群(MTC)高特异度和敏感的核酸靶标.方法 利用简单序列重复区间(ISSR)分型技术平台筛选MTC的特征片段,克隆测序获得特征序列并进行序列同源性分析,以该序列为基础设计MTC特征引物,并对211株分枝杆菌菌株(其中MTC107株、非结核分枝杆菌104株)进行鉴别检测.利用分枝杆菌属特征序列16s rRNA和MTC特征序列IS6110的鉴别结果,对MTC特征引物检测结果进行评估.结果 通过ISSR分型获得588 bp的MTC特征片段,该序列为MTC菌株的特征序列,位于MTB标准株H37Rv基因组的315947 ～316534位,以该序列为基础设计MTC鉴别引物MTCF/R,16s rRNA基因在211株分枝杆菌菌株中的扩增结果均为阳性,IS6110序列在107株MTC菌株中扩增阳性率为99％(106/107),在104株NTM菌株中阴性检出率为100％ (104/104),MTCF/R引物在MTC菌株中的扩增阳性率为100％(107/107),在非结核分枝杆菌菌株中的阴性检出率为100％ (104/104).结论 通过ISSR分型技术筛选出的MTC特征序列可作为新的核酸扩增靶标用于MTC和非结核分枝杆菌的鉴别诊断.

abstractsObjective To identify and evaluate a new nucleic acid amplification (NAA) test target for specific detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) complex (MTC).Methods MTC-specific fragment was obtained by ISSR genotyping technology.Primer pairs were designed based on the sequences of MTC-specific fragment and tested in 211 mycobacterial strains including 107 MTC strains and 104 nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) strains.IS6110 element (specific identification of MTC strains) and 16s rRNA gene (specific identification of Mycobacterium) amplification were used as a control to evaluate the efficacy of the NAA test target in the detection of MTC strains.Results One MTC-specific fragment with the length of 588 bp,located in 315947-316534 of the genome from MTB reference strain H37 Rv,were obtained,cloned and sequenced.MTC-specific primer pairs MTCF/R were designed based on these sequences.All 211 mycobacterial strains accurately produced the genus-specific 16s rRNA amplicon.All MTC strains were positive in the MTCF/R PCR amplification while 99％ MTC strains (106/107) were positive in the amplification of IS6110 sequences.All NTM strains were negative in both IS6110 and MTCF/R PCR amplification.Conclusions The MTC-specific fragment developed in this study can be used as a new NAA test target to correctly distinguish MTC from NTM.