摘要50%的成人强迫症患者在童年或青少年期已出现强迫症的早期症状，及早干预可有效降低成人强迫症的患病率。认知行为疗法（cognitive behavioral therapy， CBT）是有效治疗儿童青少年强迫症的心理疗法之一，但目前其治疗机制尚未明确。近年来，脑影像学发展迅速，为探究CBT治疗的脑机制提供了重要的神经影像学方法。因此，本文拟从脑功能和脑结构等方面对CBT治疗儿童青少年强迫症的脑影像学研究进行综述，以期为CBT的临床应用提供更明确的循证医学证据。

abstractsHalf of adult patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) report the onset of OCD symptoms during their childhood or adolescence. Early intervention can effectively reduce the prevalence of OCD in the adults. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is one of the most effective psychotherapy approaches when treating pediatric OCD. However, the neurobiological mechanism remains unclear. In recent years, the rapid development of brain imaging technic provides an important method to explore the brain mechanism of CBT treatment. Therefore, this article reviews the latest brain imaging research on the treatment mechanism of CBT in pediatric OCD, in order to provide a robust evidence for the application of CBT in the treatment of pediatric OCD.