摘要错误相关负波（error-related negativity，ERN）是个体错误行为反应后在额叶内侧区引起的事件相关电位成分，是反映行为监控功能的重要指标。本文回顾了强迫症ERN特征及其影响因素，并就ERN与强迫症临床症状的关系、治疗中的变化、潜在的神经基础和作为疾病内表型的可能性进行了论述，为理解强迫症的病理机制提供新的视角。

abstractsThe error-related negativity (ERN) is the medical frontal lobe component of event-related potentials caused by the individual incorrect response. It is an important indicator that reflects the function of performance monitoring. This article reviewed the characteristics and influencing factors of ERN in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and also discussed the relationship between ERN and the clinical symptoms of OCD, the changes of ERN during treatment, the underlying neurological basis, and the possibility of ERN as an endophenotype of the disorder, thereby providing a new perspective on understanding the pathological mechanisms of OCD.