摘要经颅直流电刺激（transcranial direct current stimulation，tDCS）是一种耐受性好且安全无创的大脑物理刺激方法，目前已广泛用于治疗某些常见精神障碍和神经疾病并取得了一定的临床效果。为进一步完善相关领域的使用规范，有必要制定临床治疗专家共识。本专家共识根据截至2021年8月发表的临床研究并基于循证医学的方法，发布tDCS在抑郁障碍、精神分裂症、物质使用所致障碍、强迫症、注意缺陷多动障碍、孤独症、焦虑症、创伤后应激障碍、睡眠障碍、疼痛、帕金森病、脑卒中和癫痫治疗的专家共识，并介绍了临床上tDCS治疗的安全性和有效性，描述了治疗流程和操作技术。希望为tDCS的临床应用提供指导，促进该治疗技术未来的规范发展。

abstractsTranscranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a well-tolerated, safe and noninvasive physical brain stimulation method, which has been widely used in the treatment of some common mental disorders and neurological diseases and has achieved certain clinical effects. It is necessary to develop expert consensus on clinical treatment to improve the use norms in related fields. According to the clinical research published before August 2021 and the method of evidence-based medicine, we published an expert consensus on tDCS in the treatment of depressive disorders, schizophrenia, substance use-related disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, sleep disorders, pain, Parkinson′s disease, stroke, and epilepsy. The consensus also introduced the safety and efficacy of the clinical use of tDCS, and standardized the treatment process and operation technology, aiming to provide guidance for the clinical application of tDCS and promote the standardized development of this treatment technology in the future.