摘要现有的精神科分类诊断主要基于现象学，其应用于科研和临床工作中具有一定的局限性。精神病理学层级分类（hierarchical taxonomy of psychopathology，HiTOP）模型结合了既往近百年的结构研究，通过完全循证的方法构建了精神病理学分类系统。本文将围绕HiTOP模型，对其产生的背景、内容、研究进展和临床应用4个方面进行介绍，并对其未来在精神科的应用进行展望。

abstractsThe existing diagnostic systems of psychiatry are mainly based on phenomenology, and their application in scientific research and clinical practice has certain limitations. The hierarchical taxonomy of psychopathology (HiTOP) model was proposed based on the structural evidence in the past nearly 100 years. HiTOP hews closely to existing data and construct the psychopathology classification system by empirical method. Here, we review the background, content, research progress and clinical application about HiTOP model and prospect its application in psychiatry in the future.