摘要神经性棘红细胞增多症是一种罕见、严重、预后不良的遗传性神经退行性疾病。本例患者29岁，女性，以逐渐加重的行为异常伴口齿不清作为主要症状就诊，基因测序提示VPS13A基因突变，诊断为神经性棘红细胞增多症。本文通过报道此例患者，希望提高精神科医生对于运动障碍和行为障碍的鉴别意识，并结合文献回顾神经性棘红细胞增多症的临床表现、鉴别诊断和基因检测手段，帮助精神科医生对神经性棘红细胞增多症进行早期识别和准确诊断。

abstractsChorea-acanthocytosis (ChAc) is a rare, severe, and progressive hereditary neurodegenerative disease with a poor prognosis. The patient in this case was a 29-year-old female who presented with gradually worsening behavioral abnormalities and slurred speech as the main symptoms. Gene sequencing revealed a mutation in the VPS13A gene, leading to a diagnosis of"Chorea-acanthocytosis". This case report aims to improve the awareness among psychiatrists in distinguishing movement disorders and behavioral disorders. Combined with a literature review on the clinical manifestations, differential diagnosis, and genetic testing, this paper may help psychiatrists in early identification and accurate diagnosis of ChAc.