摘要创伤后应激障碍（posttraumatic stress disorder，PTSD）是指个体经历或目睹创伤事件后出现的长期的精神障碍，导致个体出现反复体验创伤经历、回避与创伤相关的场景或记忆、对周围环境过度警觉、认知和情绪负性改变等持续的精神及情绪困扰，并对社会功能造成影响。眼动脱敏与再加工技术（eye movement desensitization and reprocessing，EMDR）是一种用于治疗PTSD的方法，通过眼动等形式的双侧刺激帮助患者减少创伤相关的痛苦回忆、缓解负性情绪，改善与创伤相关的负性认知。目前，EMDR已被多个指南推荐为成人PTSD的一线疗法。然而，不同人群对创伤事件的反应及处理方式受个人生理、心理及文化背景等因素的影响，PTSD的表现形式、心理需求及对治疗的应答也有所差异。因此，EMDR治疗应根据各人群的独特属性及需求作出适应性调整。本文通过概述特殊人群PTSD的特点，总结EMDR对不同人群的干预疗效，并为各人群EMDR治疗方案的调整及优化提供参考，以帮助特定群体改善心理健康状况，推动EMDR应用对象及方案的广泛化与多元化。

abstractsPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a long-term psychiatric disorder that occurs after witnessing or experiencing a potentially traumatic event. It leads to enduring psychological and emotional distress, characterized by re-experiencing of the traumatic event, avoidance of situations or memories associated with the trauma, heightened vigilance towards the surrounding environment, and negative cognitive and emotional changes, impairing social functioning. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is a treatment for PTSD that utilizes bilateral stimulation in the form of eye movements to help patients effectively reduce painful memories related to trauma, alleviate accompanying fear and other negative emotions, and reframe negative cognition linked to the traumatic experience. Currently, EMDR has been recommended by several guidelines as a first-line therapy for PTSD. However, different people′s responses and coping styles to traumatic events are affected by individual physiological, psychological, and cultural backgrounds, making the manifestations of PTSD, psychological needs, and response to treatment also vary. Therefore, EMDR treatment should be adapted to the unique attributes and needs of each population. This article outlines the characteristics of PTSD, summarizes the efficacy of EMDR intervention, and provides references for the adjustment and optimization of EMDR treatment protocols in various populations, to help specific groups improve their mental health and promote the widespread and diversified application of EMDR.