摘要目的 对无牙颌老年人颞下颌关节紊乱病( temporomandibular disorders,TMD)的情况进行调查并初步探讨相关的危险因素.方法 352名北京市无牙颌老年人参加本次调查,男性198人,女性154人.根据Helkimo指数设计调查表,由专业培训人员对受试者进行颞下颌关节相关症状和体征的检查并记录.根据性别以及是否进行全口义齿修复分别统计分析.结果本组人群TMD查体阳性率为43.2％(152/352),其中阳性体征以关节弹响多见,占34.1％( 120/352);下颌运动偏斜次之,占18.2％(64/352),关节区及咀嚼肌触痛则发生较少,下颌运动痛最少.男性TMD查体阳性率为36.9％(73/198),女性为51.3％(79/154),两者差异有统计学意义(P =0.0067 ＜0.01)；行全口义齿修复的无牙颌老人TMD查体阳性率为38.6％(91/236),未修复者TMD查体阳性率为52.6％(61/116),两者差异有统计学意义(P =0.0125 ＜0.05),其OR值为1.767(1.130～2.763).结论 性别因素及不良咬合均可能是影响老年无牙颌者TMD患病率的危险因素.

abstractsObjective To study the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders(TMD) in 352 aged edentulous individuals in Beijing area and to analyze the correlative risk factors.Methods Three hundred and fifty-two aged edentulous subjects were included in the study ( 198 males and 154 females).The adopted questionnaire was designed according to Helkimo index,and the subjects were examined by the same examiner who would record every result as well.Results The prevalence of TMD's clinical positive signs in the edentulous subjects was 43.2％ ( 152/352 ),among which temporomandibular joint ( TMJ ) noise [34.1％ (120/352)] was the highest prevalent sign while TMJ pain on movemert was the lowest.The prevalence of mandibular movement deviation [ 18.2％ (64/352)] fitted in between.The prevalence of TMD's clinical positive signs of male individuals was 36.9％ (73/198),and the female was 51.3％ (79/154).There was a significant difference in prevalence of TMD's clinical positive signs between males and females ( P =0.0067 ＜ 0.01 ).The prevalence of TMD's clinical positive signs in denture wearing group was 38.6％ (91/236) and that in no denture group was 52.6％ (61/116).There was a significant correlation between the prevalence of TMD′s clinical positive signs and wearing denture [ P =0.0125 ＜ 0.05,OR =1.767 ( 1.130 ～ 2.763) ].Conclusions Gender and malocclusion may be the risk factors of TMD in edentulous individuals.