摘要牵张成骨自20世纪90年代引入口腔颌面外科后，已逐渐成为治疗唇腭裂的重要选择。据研究报道，截骨线的设计、牵张器的类型、上颌骨前移量、手术年龄等因素或将影响牵张成骨术的预后。本文主要针对唇腭裂上颌骨牵张成骨的最新进展，从治疗方法、患者类型和辅助治疗三方面，对可能影响唇腭裂上颌骨牵张成骨疗效和稳定性的相关因素进行阐述，旨在为临床实践中制订恰当的治疗策略，改善手术预后提供参考。

abstractsSince distraction osteogenesis had been used in maxillofacial surgery in the 1990s,it has become an important option for treating maxillary hypoplasia in cleft lip and palate (CLP) patients. Numerous domestic and international studies reported that the prognosis of distraction osteogenesis might be affected by various factors, including the design of osteotomy line, type of distractor, advancement of maxillary bone and the age of patients, etc. Therefore, the present article reviewed possible impact factors that affect the effectiveness and outcomes of maxillary distraction osteogenesis of CLP from three aspects: treatment methods, type of patients and adjuvant therapy, which hopefully might benefit the formulation of treatment strategies in clinical work and improve the prognosis of distraction osteogenesis.