摘要龋病是常见的口腔感染性疾病，发生于牙体硬组织并由微生物代谢所致。第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查显示，我国龋病患病率逐渐增加，尤其是儿童和老年人。作为牙源性病灶，龋病不仅影响口腔健康，还与多种全身系统性疾病关系密切，这也提示全身疾病可能是龋病的风险因素之一。为全面落实国家口腔健康行动方案，研究人员不仅深入挖掘龋病的发病机制，同时还结合先进的理念和技术开发一系列新型龋病防治措施，以期全面提升我国口腔健康水平。本文阐述了龋病发病机制、龋病与全身系统性疾病的相关性以及新型防龋措施研究的前沿与新进展，提出目前存在的问题及未来的研究方向，供同行参考和讨论。

abstractsDental caries is a prevalent infectious disease caused by microbial metabolism, affecting the hard tissues of teeth. According to data from the Fourth National Oral Health Epidemiological Survey, there is a gradual increase in caries prevalence in China, particularly among children and elderly individuals. As an etiological factor for dental lesions, caries not only impact oral health but also exhibit significant associations with various systemic diseases, suggesting that systemic diseases may serve as potential risk factors of caries development. To effectively implement the plan of national oral health action, researchers investigate the pathogenesis of caries actively while concurrently develop innovative preventive and treatment strategies based on advanced concepts and technologies, aiming to comprehensively enhance China′s oral health status. Therefore, this article provides insights into the pathogenesis of caries, its correlation with systemic diseases, as well as cutting-edge research advancements pertaining to novel preventive measures for caries.