摘要目的 研究合理行动理论在电焊工职业卫生个体防护行为研究中的应用价值,以探讨电焊工个体防护行为的影响因素.方法 在浙江省存在较多电焊作业点的地区随机抽取9家企业,运用自行设计的包涵合理行动理论要素的问卷对所有电焊工人(526人)进行调查.结果 在佩戴眼罩、口罩和耳塞的电焊作业个体防护行为中,分别有10.06％、26.80％和37.50％的被调查者在电焊作业中从不使用或仅偶尔使用上述防护用品.除了一般社会人口学特征(年龄、婚姻状况、教育程度和电焊岗位工龄)的影响外,电焊工的行为信念与使用口罩、眼罩和耳塞的个体防护行为呈正相关(x2值分别为31.88,18.77和37.77,P＜0.01).在主体规范方面,企业对电焊工的要求与口罩、眼罩和耳塞的使用呈正相关(x2值分别为20.60,10.98和19.86,P＜0.01),同事间的提醒与口罩和耳塞的使用呈正相关(x2值分别为27.43,36.39,P＜0.01),家人的提醒只与口罩的使用呈正相关(x2=5.73,P＜0.05).结论 合理行动理论适用于电焊工的职业卫生个体防护行为研究和职业健康教育,对寻找职业卫生健康教育的突破口,选择有效的健康教育实施主体,确定针对性的健康宣教内容有着很好的参考意义.

abstractsObjective To apply theory of reasoned action at survey on welding workers occupational health protection behaviors and explore related influencing factors.Methods nine companies were randomly selected from areas with many welding works in Zhejiang Province.All welding workers were surveyed using a questionnaire based on theory of reasoned action.Results 10.06％,26.80％ and 37.50％ of the respondents never or seldom used eyeshade,mask and earplug,respectively.After controlling the socio-demographic factors,welding workers' behavioral belief was correlated with the behaviors of eyeshade、mask and earplug use (x2=31.88,18.77 and 37.77,P＜0.01 ).the subjective norm of company was correlated with all protection behaviors (x2=20.60,10.98 and 19.86,P＜0.01 ),the subjective norm of colleague was correlated with mask and earplug use, (x2=27.43,36.39,P＜0.01),and the subjective norm of family was correlated with mask use (x2=5.73,P＜0.05).Conclusion Theory of reasoned action is suitable for welding worker occupational health related behaviors.It is useful to improve occupational health education,to effectively select health education objective and to tailor health education contents.