摘要目的 探讨浙北地区基层公务员的职业应激、社会支持和幸福感现状,以及职业应激、社会支持与幸福感的关系.方法 采用公务员工作压力调查问卷、社会支持评定量表以及总体幸福感量表对360位湖州、嘉兴、杭州等县级以下党政机关公务员进行调查.结果 基层公务员的职业应激总均分为(2.52±0.48),达到中度心理应激;排序第1位的职业应激源是职业前景(2.90±0.60);职业应激源和职业应激总均分代际差异明显,80、90后组、70后组和50、60后组得分依次降低(P＜0.01);男性应激程度明显大于女性,差异有统计学意义(P＜ 0.01).浙北地区基层公务员体验到的社会支持水平和幸福感程度均偏低,得分分别为(38.43±8.38)和(76.88±12.77);社会支持水平和幸福感程度代际差异明显,80、90后组、70后组和50、60后组得分依次升高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);女性体验到的社会支持、幸福感程度明显高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).基层公务员幸福感程度与上级领导、工作任务、完美倾向和职业前景等职业应激程度呈负相关,与客观支持、主观支持和对支持的利用度呈正相关,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 职业应激、社会支持与基层公务员的幸福感体验明显相关.

abstractsObjective To investigate the current status of occupational stress,social support,and happiness in junior civil servants in northern Zhejiang Province,China,and to investigate the relationship between occupational stress,social support and happiness.Methods A total of 360 junior civil servants from below-county-level administrative organizations in Huzhou,Jiaxing,and Hangzhou were surveyed using the job stress questionnaire and social support rating scale for civil servants.Results The total average score of occupational stress in junior civil servants was 2.52±0.48,indicating a moderate level of occupational stress;career prospects topped the rank list of sources of occupational stress with a score of 2.90 ±0.60;different generations showed significant differences in the sources and total average scores of occupational stress,with the scores of the 1980s,1990s,1970s,1950s,and 1960s groups decreasing in the same order(P＜0.01);the occupational stress of males was significantly greater than that of the females(P＜0.01).The levels of social support and happiness among the junior civil servants were relatively low,with scores of 38.43±8.38 and 76.88±12.77,respectively;different generations also showed significant differences,with the scores of 1980s,1990s,1970s,1950s,and 1960s groups increasing in the same order (P＜0.01);females experienced significantly more social support and happiness than males(P＜0.01).Sources of occupational stress like superior leaders,work task,tendency to perfection,and career prospects,objective and subjective support,and utilization of the support were significantly related to the happiness of junior civil servants (r=0.405～0.571,P＜0.01;β=0.090～0.210,P ＜0.01).Conclusion Occupational stress and social support are significantly related to the happiness of junior civil servants.