摘要目的 调查GBZ/T 229.1-2010《工作场所职业病危害作业分级 第1部分:生产性粉尘》在实际工作中的应用情况及效果评价,探讨其适用性,为开展下一步标准修订工作提供依据.方法 开展2轮问卷调查,包括一般调查和重点调查.用Excel 2010和Epidata3.1软件建立数据库并进行录入,用SPSS19.0软件进行数据整理和统计分析.结果 GBZ/T 229.1-2010《工作场所职业病危害作业分级第1部分:生产性粉尘》一般调查共收回问卷100份,其中机构43份,专业人员57份;政府举办的职业卫生技术服务机构的问卷59份,高校的问卷11份;应用该标准较多的前3位工作分别是建设项目职业病危害评价(69.0％)、讲课/培训(55.0％)、职业病危害因素检测(50.0％);该标准常用内容分别是第四部分分级(67.0％)、第五部分分级管理原则(59.0％)、附录A正确使用说明(52.0％);操作性评价结果显示,第四部分分级、第五部分分级管理原则、附录A正确使用说明的分值分别为3.07、3.03、3.23;该标准需要修改较多的是第四部分分级(22.0％)、第五部分分级管理原则(13.0％)、附录A正确使用说明(12.0％).该标准重点调查共收回问卷15份,其中调查用人单位12家,技术服务机构3家.用人单位职业卫生管理人员对该标准知晓率为83.3％.8家用人单位根据分级评价结果用于指导采取改进措施、7家用于健康监护及检测、4家用于职业健康安全管理体系认证和职业病诊断及个人防护用品发放等;游离二氧化硅含量权重数、职业接触比值、体力劳动强度级别权重数、生产性粉尘作业分级表、分级管理原则、附录A正确使用说明的操作性评价分值分别为5.00、4.33、5.00、5.00、3.67、3.67.结论 该标准各部分的操作性较强,但仍有工作场所存在多种不同种类粉尘的分级问题,工作场所接触粉尘与其他职业性有害因素的相互作用问题等.

abstractsObjective To investigate the application and effectiveness evaluation of the standard of GBZ/T 229.1-2010 in practice,and to explore the applicability,aiming to provide technical evidence for the revision of GBZ/T 229.1-2010.Methods There were 2 questionnaire surveys carried out in the study,including general survey and specific survey.Databases were established and data were input with Excel 2010 and Epidata version 3.1 software.SPSS version 19.0 software was used for data cleaning and statistical analysis.Results The general survey received 100 questionnaires,with 43 from facilities and 57 from professional expertise.There were 59 questionnaires from occupational health technical service organizations held by government,and 11 from colleges and universities.The leading three jobs using GBZ/T 229.1-2010 were the occupational hazards evaluation for constructive project (69.0％),lecturing/training (55.0％),occupational hazards monitoring (50.0％),respectively.The high frequency used contents of GBZ/T 229.1-2010 were the fourth part "classification"(67.0％),the fifth part "the principles of classification management" (59.0％),annex A "the correct use instructions" (52.0％),respectively.In the results of feasibility,scores of the fourth part "classification",the fifth part "the principles of classification management",annex A "the correct use instructions" were 3.07,3.03,3.23,respectively.The parts needed to be modified as priories were the fourth part "classification" (22.0％),the fifth part "the principles of classification management" (13.0％),annex A "the correct use instructions" (12.0％).The specific survey received 15 questionnaires,with 12 from the employers and 3 from occupational health technical service organizations.The awareness rate of GBZ/T 229.1-2010 among occupational health professionals was 83.3％.Classification results in the employers were used for guidance on improvement measures (66.7％),health surveillance and monitoring(58.3％),certification for occupational health and safety management system (33.3％),occupational disease diagnosis (33.3％),and personal protective equipment issued (33.3％),etc.In the results of feasibility,scores of the content of free SiO2,occupational exposure ratio,physical labor intensity level,classification of industrial dust,principles of classification management,annex A "the correct use instructions" were 5.00,4.33,5.00,5.00,3.67,3.67,respectively.Conclusion GBZ/T 229.1-2010 indicates that the standard is feasible and practical.But there are still some problems,such as classification of different kinds of industrial dusts at workplace,and the interaction of occupational exposure to industrial dusts and other hazards at workplace,etc.