摘要目的 分析全国急性职业中毒事件流行病学特征,阐述其发生规律,为制定急性职业中毒事件的预防控制措施提供科学依据.方法 应用全国突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统数据,对2006至2016年急性职业中毒事件的时间分布、地区分布、毒物种类、接触途径、检测情况进行描述性统计分析.结果 2006至2016年,全国(不包括港澳台地区)26个省共报告急性职业中毒事件337起,中毒2399例,病死率为18.09％;事件级别以较大事件为主,报告地区前3位的省(区、市)是上海市、安徽省、山东省,中毒主要以吸人性气体为主;开展毒物检测的事件占急性职业中毒事件的56.68％.结论 我国急性职业中毒事件呈逐年减少趋势,但病死率没有下降.因此国家应加大对企业安全生产的监督与管理,加强对从业人员的安全性教育,进一步加强各部门之间的协调机制.

abstractsObjective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of acute occupational poisoning events in order to state the regularity of outbreak and provide scientific evidences of prevention and control measure in China.Methods According to the report information from the Management Information System of Public Health Emergency,we analyzed acute occupational poisoning events time distribution,regional distribution,toxicant variety,route of exposure and events detection from 2006 to 2016.Results The total number of acute occupational poisoning events reported in 26 provinces of China from 2006 to 2016 was 337,causing 2 399 people poisoned,and the fatality rate was 18.09％.Majority of them were higher grade events and the top three provinces of acute occupational poisoning events were Shanghai,Anhui,Shandong.Inhalation is the main cause of poisoning.The acute occupational poisoning events for carrying out poison dectection were accounted for 56.68％.Conclusion Acute occupational poisoning events in China is reducing year by year,But fatality rate is not decrease.So the country should increase the supervision and management of safety in production,strengthen the safety education of employees and coordination mechanism among different departments.