摘要目的 对深圳某区细颗粒物(Particulate Matter 2.5,PM2.5)中金属元素的污染特征及对致癌和非致癌风险进行评价.方法 收集2014~2015年深圳市龙岗区PM2.5相对数据,进行浓度季节分布特征分析,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定PM2.5中铅(Pb)、汞(Hg)、锰(Mn)、锑(Sb)、铝(Al)、砷(As)、铍(Be)、镉(Cd)、铬(Cr)、镍(Ni)、硒(Se)和铊(Tl)金属元素的浓度,并采用美国EPA推荐的人体健康风险评估模型评价其所致健康风险.结果 2014~2015年,深圳市龙岗区PM2.5浓度中位数为45.10 μg/m3,PM2.5中金属元素在春、秋、冬季节对人体的慢性非致癌风险危险系数(HQ)﹥1,其中As、Mn、Cd的HQ较高.PM2.5中金属元素致癌风险冬季最高,其次为秋季、春季、夏季,四季致癌风险均在10-5~10-4,其中As、Cr、Cd风险较高.结论 深圳龙岗区大气PM2.5中部分金属元素对人体存在一定程度风险,需要进一步加强职业卫生管理,深入探讨预防控制措施.

abstractsObjective To assess the pollution characteristics and risk assessment of carcinogenicity or non-carcinogenicity on heavy metals in PM2.5 in Shenzhen. Methods PM2.5 samples were collected monthly from the year of 2014 to 2015, and analyzed by seasons. 12 heavy metal elements ﹙Pb, Hg, Mn, Sb, Al, As, Be, Cd, Cr, Ni, Se, Tl﹚ in PM2.5 were detected by ICP-MS spectrometry. Health risk assessment was conducted using the recommended United States Environmental Protection Agency ﹙USA EPA﹚ model. Results The median of PM2.5 concentration was 45.10 μg/m3 in Longgang district of Shenzhen. The non-carcinogenecity risks of the metals in PM2.5 existed in spring, autumn and winter ﹙HQ>1﹚. Three metal elements including As, Mn and Cd have higher HQ levels. The carcinogenecity risk levels in four seasons were winter, autumn, spring and summer, respectively. The carcinogenecity risks in four seasons were between 10-6 to 10-4. As, Cr and Cd have higher carcinogenicityrisks. Conclusion The heavy metals in PM2.5 have both carcinogenecity risk and non-carcinogenecity risk to residents in Longgang district of Shenzhen, the occupational health management must be continuously strengthened, the further research and the measures for prevention and control should be considered.