摘要目的 研究洁净厂房回风净化装置中活性炭对环境空气中甲醛净化效果及影响因素.方法 于2018年5～6月,选择4种不同商业活性炭(竹炭:1～3 mm,3～5 mm;椰壳炭:6～12目,8～16目)制作5种类型的活性炭净化网,在模拟洁净厂房实验室采用职业病危害因素检测法测试不同类型活性炭净化网对甲醛的净化效果.结果 不同类型活性炭净化效果随净化时间的延长而提高,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);与其他类型活性炭相比,椰壳炭(8～16目,双层)净化效果最好,15 min和30 min净化效率分别为58.72％和85.20％,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);双层椰壳炭净化效果优于单层(P＜0.05);双层椰壳炭(8～16目)净化效果优于双层椰壳炭(6～12目),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);椰壳炭(8～16目,双层)净化效果优于竹炭(P＜0.05).结论 活性炭不同比表面积、粒径、厚度对其甲醛净化效果存在的影响,应对活性炭类型慎重选择进而提高洁净厂房内职业卫生防护水平、解决安全利用回风与降低能耗等方面具有一定的意义.

abstractsObjective To study the effect of activated carbon on the purification of formaldehyde in the clean workshop return air purification device and its influencing factors.Methods From May to June 2018,choosed 4 different commercial activated carbons(bamboo charcoal,1-3 mm,3-5 mm;coconut shell charcoal,6-12 mesh,8-16 mesh) to make 5 types of activated carbon purification net.In the simulated clean plant labo-ratory,the detection of occupational disease hazards was used to test the purification effect of different types of activated carbon purification nets on formaldehyde.Results The purification effect of different types of activat-ed carbon increased with the prolongation of purification time,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Compared with other types of activated carbon,coconut shell charcoal (8-16 mesh,double layer) had the best purification effect,15 min and 30 min purification efficiency was 58.72％ and 85.20％ respective-ly,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The purification effect of double-layer coconut shell charcoal was better than single layer (P＜0.05).The purification effect of double-layer coconut shell charcoal (8-16 mesh) was better than double-layer coconut shell charcoal (6-12 mesh),the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Coconut shell charcoal (8-16 mesh,double layer) had better purification effect than bamboo charcoal(P＜0.05).Conclusion Different specific surface area,particle size,and thickness of activated carbon have a certain effect on the purification effect of formaldehyde,and its selection has a certain significance in improving the occupational health protection level in the clean plant,solving the safe use of return air and reducing energy consumption.