摘要目的 了解职业性汞作业工人的健康状况,并探索汞暴露对心血管系统的影响.方法 于2019年6月,收集2016～2018年江苏省某水银温度计厂和某荧光灯制造厂参加职业健康体检的共2 65 1名工人资料作为研究对象,依据尿汞浓度分为高暴露组425人,低暴露组2 226人,检测工作场所汞浓度,并分析两组工人心电图、血常规、血生化等体检结果.年龄、接汞工龄等计量资料用独立样本t检验分析;尿汞浓度、血常规以及血生化各项指标不服从正态分布,用Mann-Whitney非参数检验分析;性别、心电图异常率等计数资料的差异性分析采用x2检验.结果 高暴露组车间作业场所8小时加权平均容许浓度(CTWA)汞浓度为0.002 2～0.152 mg/m3.与低暴露组比较,2018年高暴露组心电图异常率增高(29.6％),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).与低暴露组比较,2016～2018年高暴露组血常规白细胞计数值增加,2016、2017年高暴露组红细胞计数降低,2016～2018年高暴露组血清总胆红素浓度降低,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 长期暴露于较高浓度汞工作环境可能会引起工人心血管系统异常,应做好工程防护和个体防护.

abstractsObjective To investigate the health status of occupational mercury workers and reveal the effects of mercury exposure on the cardiovascular system.Methods In June 2019,a total of 2651 mercury workers participated in the occupational health examination between 2016-2018 from a thermometer manufacturing plant and a fluorescent lamp manufacturing plant were included in this study.Then,they were divided into a high-level mercury exposure group (425 workers whose urine mercury concentration ＞35 μg/g creatinine) and a low-mercury mercury exposure group (2226 workers whose urinary mercury concentration ＜35 μg/g creatinine).Mercury concentration in the workplace was also detected.Finally,the results of electrocardiogram (ECG),blood routine,blood biochemistry and other physical examinations were analyzed.The measurement data of age and exposure years were analyzed by test.Urinary mercury and blood parameters were analyzed by Mann-Whitney nonparametric test.Chi-square test was used for the analyses of gender,ECG abnormality rate and other categorical data.Results The 8-hour weighted average allowable concentration (CTWA) of mercury in the workplace of high-exposure group was 0.002 2-0.152 mg/m3.The abnormal rate of ECG in the high-exposed group (29.6％) was higher than that in the low-exposure group (10.1％) in 2018 (P＜ 0.01).Compared with the low-exposure group,the WBC of the high-exposure group from 2016 to 2018 was increased,with statistically significance (P＜0.05);the RBC of the high-exposure group in 2016 and 2017 was decreased,with statistically significance (P＜0.01);the total bilirubin concentration in the high-exposure group was decreased from 2016 to 2018,with statistically significance (P＜0.05).Conclusion Long-term exposure to high concentration of mercury in the workplace may influence cardiovascular system.Therefore,engineering protection and individual protection should be implemented well.