摘要微塑料作为一种新型污染物，对生态环境和人类健康的影响越来越受到人们的关注。由于其使用范围广、难降解等特点，加上如今塑料制品的生产及使用量大幅增长，导致环境中微塑料数量持续增加，进而导致微塑料在环境和生物体中累积，并通过食物链进入人体，对人类健康产生危害。同时，在塑料生产行业、合成纺织等行业，由于微塑料的职业暴露，工人的相关职业病的发病率增加。本文对微塑料的概念、分类、来源及对生物和人类健康的影响等方面进行归纳，同时对我国微塑料污染的现状提出解决建议，以期为进一步开展微塑料污染对人类健康的风险评估及各级政府立法控制微塑料的污染提供参考。

abstractsAs an emerging environmental pollutant, microplastics have attracted more and more attention for its influence on the ecological environment and human health. Due to its wide range of usage and production, difficult degradation and other characteristics, as well as the continuous and substantial increase in the use of plastic products, the number of plastic fragments in the environment continues to increase, which leads to the accumulation of microplastics in the environment and organisms, spread through the food chain, and ultimately poses a threat to human health. At the same time, in the plastic production, synthetic textile, and other industries, the incidence of workers related occupational diseases greatly increased. In this paper, the concept, classification, source, impact on biological and human health of microplastics are summarized, and propose solutions on the current situation of microplastics pollution in China, we hope this review could provide effective reference for further carry out risk assessment of microplastics pollution on human health and formulate legislation to control microplastics pollution.