摘要目的:了解我国2018年至2020年职业病报告迟报及漏报情况并进行原因分析，为提高我国职业病报告质量，及时掌握职业病发病情况，评估职业危害状况提供科学依据。方法:于2021年5-12月，以省级为单位，从各类开展职业病诊断工作的机构中抽取320家开展调查，对被调查机构在2018至2020年职业病诊断病例原始文件与网络报告个案进行比对，并分析职业病个案的迟报及漏报情况。结果:2018至2020年进行职业病诊断病例32 207例，其中确诊病例和未诊断为职业病的数量分别为28 934例和3 273例。总体个案的迟报率和漏报率分别为23.6%和2.3%，确诊病例的迟报率和漏报率分别为20.2%和2.1%。不同地区和不同类型诊断机构的职业病迟报率和漏报率差异有统计学意义（ P<0.001），其中西南地区的迟报率和漏报率均最高，分别为61.6%和7.9%。各类职业病的迟报率均约为15.0%，漏报率1.5%~5.0%。 结论:当前职业病迟报、漏报现象仍较为明显，需加大对职业病报告情况的检查力度，提升职业病报告质量，为国家制定职业病防治政策提供科学依据。

abstractsObjective:To understand the late reporting and the under-reporting of occupational disease from 2018 to 2020 in China and analyze the causes, so as to provide scientific evidence for improving the quality of occupational disease reports in China, timely acquiring the incidence of occupational disease, and assessing the occupational hazards.Methods:From May to December 2021, A total of 320 occupational disease diagnostic institutions were selected for investigation. The original documents of occupational disease diagnosis cases from 2018 to 2020 were compared with the online reported cases, and late reported and under-reported cases of occupational disease were analyzed.Results:A total of 32207 diagnosed cases from 2018 to 2020 were investigated, including 28934 confirmed cases and 3273 cases without occupational disease. The overall late reported rate and under-reported rate of confirmed cases were 20.2% and 2.1%, respectively. There were significant differences in the rate of late reporting and under-reporting of occupational diseases in different regions and different types of diagnostic institutions ( P<0.001). The southwest region had the highest rates of late reporting and under-reporting, 61.6% and 7.9% respectively. The late reported rate of all kinds of occupational diseases was about 15.0%, and the under-reported rate was from 1.5.0% to 5.0%. Conclusion:At present, the phenomenon of late reporting and under-reporting occupational diseases is still obvious. It is necessary to strengthen the inspection of occupational disease reporting, improve the quality of occupational disease reporting, and provide scientific basis for the formulation of occupational disease prevention and control policies.