摘要目的 探讨良性前列腺增生(BPH)患者术后谵妄的影响因素及其处理. 方法 对照分析我科256例60488岁BPH患者术后发生谵妄症状的27例患者的年龄、缺氧情况、术前感染、术后疼痛和性格内向等因素,判断BPH患者术后发生谵妄的相关因素并总结对症处理方案. 结果年龄大于75岁者谵妄发生率为17.4%(19/109)例,高于年龄＜75岁者的5.4%(8/147)例(X2=8.307,P=0.004)、有术前感染(如肺部感染或泌尿系感染白细胞增高)者谵妄发生率为15.0%(17/113),高于无术前感染者7.0%(10/143)(X2=4.337,P=0.037);缺氧者(术后当时至当天静脉血氧饱和度＜95%)谵妄发生率为16.5%(16/97),高于无缺氧者6.9%(11/159)(X2=4.885,P=0.027);术后出现明显疼痛症状或膀胱痉挛致阵发性疼痛者谵妄发生率为16.9%(10/59),高于未出现任何疼痛症状者1.2%(1/85)(X2=10.146,P=0.0014).27例发生谵妄患者中术后血细胞比容量0.29±0.04低于术前0.42±0.04(t=12.2314,P＜0.001),术后血红蛋白计量(102.39±6.58)g/L低于术前(114.58±8.36)g/L(t=5.9537,P＜0.001).所有患者谵妄经镇静、镇痛、改善术后体位和睡眠质量,控制感染,纠正电解质紊乱等对症治疗后均恢复. 结论 年龄大于75岁、缺氧、术前感染、术后疼痛等是影响BPH患者手术后发生谵妄的重要因素,谵妄的发生重在预防,积极治疗.

abstractsObjective To investigate the risk factors and treatment of postoperative delirium in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH). Methods　For 256 postoperrative BPH patients in our department,the clinical parameters including age,hypoxemia,preoperative infection,postoperative pain,and introvert were analyzed,and the treatment were summarized. Results　The incidence of postoperative delirium was higher in patients aged≥75 years than＜75 years[17.4%(19/109)vs.5.4%(8/147),X2=8.307,P=0.0043,higher in patients with preoperative infection (pulmonary or urinary)versus without the infection[15.0%(17/113)vs.7.0%(10/143),X2=4.337,P=0.037],higher in patients with hypoxia versus without hipoxia[16.5%(16/97).vs.6.9%(111159),X2=4.885,P=0.027]and higher in patients with post-operative pain versus without the pain(16.9%(10/59)vs.1.2%(1/85),X2=10.146,P=0.0014].Hematocrit and hemoglobin in patients with postoperative delirium were lower after operation versus pre-operation[(0.29±0.04)vs.(0.42±0.04),t=12.2314,P＜0.001;(102.39±6.58)g/L vs.(114.58±8.36)g/L,t=5.9537,P＜0.001].All delirium patients were recovered after sedation treatment,improving the quality of sleep,controlling the infection and correcting electrolyte turbulence. Conclusions　Advanced age,hypoxemia,preoperative infection,postoperative pain are important risk factors for delirium.