摘要A 69-year-old man with fever,pulmonary nodules,joint pain and superficial lymphadenopathy was admitted to our hospital.The patient had a history of ten year hypertension.She smoked a pack of cigarettes daily for forty years and quitted for fifteen years.Family history of coronary heart disease,diabetes,cancer or other diseases was negative.Chest CT showed a nodule in the left lung lower lobe.Percutaneous lung biopsy revealed a large number of atypical B cell proliferation and infiltration which involved the vessel wall.The atypical B-cell phenotype and genotype was EBERs (+),CD20 (+),CD30 (+),CD15 (-).The patient was diagnosed as pulmonary lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LYG),an angiodestructive and angioinvasive lymphoproliferative disorder which is an Epstein-Barr virus associated B cell disorder with reactive T lymphocytes.The patient received six courses of chemotherapy.In this rare case,misdiagnosis of LYG often occurred due to the complex clinical presentation and non-specific imaging.Percutaneous or open lung biopsy is the main choice in the diagnosis of LYG.