摘要目的　研究老年聋在老年人群中的现状、分布特点以及对日常生活功能的影响。方法　采用多级、整群抽样的方法，对北京、上海、广州、成都、西安、沈阳六城市8 252例≥60岁的常住老年人老年聋患病情况及其日常生活活动能力进行了横断面的流行病学调查。结果　老年聋总患病率为33.7%，既往诊断率为15.9%，仅为现患率的47.1%；60～、65～、70～、75～、80～、85～岁年龄组的患病率分别为21.6%、30.0%、35.6%、42.6%、55.5%、61.6%，随着年龄的增高患病率增加(P＜0.01)；老年聋存在明显的地区差别，北京地区患病率最高为58.5%，职业是影响老年聋患病率的重要因素，从事家务劳动者患病率较高为48.9%，从事科教文卫者患病率较低为28.5%。老年聋影响因素的logistic分析表明，年龄、职业、地区的不同和老年聋密切相关。结论　在中国老年聋患病率较高，随着年龄增加而增高，且存在地区、职业、文化程度的差别；既往诊断率远低于现患率，提示今后应加强老年聋的防治工作。

abstractsObjective　To survey the current status and distribution of deafness and its effect on daily life activities in the old population. Methods　Eight thousand two hundred and fifty-two elderly aged 60 years and above in the urban and rural areas of Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Xi’an and Shenyang were investigated，using a clustered random sampling methods. Results　Overall crude prevalence of deafness in the elderly was found to be 33.7%, but the self-reported crude prevalence was low, only 47.1% when shown by medical examination. Crude prevalence rates were increasing with ageing, with 21.6%,30.0%,35.6%,42.6%,55.5% and 61.6% respectively(P＜0.01) in the age groups of 60-, 65-, 70-, 75-, 80-, 85- years old. Rate of deafness was highest in Beijing(58.5%), among the in-house workers (48.9%) and the lowest in scientists， teacher and health workers (28.5%). Logistic regression analysis showed that the crude prevalence was related to ageing, profession and area (P respective ＜0.01). Conclusion　The prevalence of deafness was high in the elderly which increased with ageing with different areas, professions and the level of education. It was lower when self-reported than shown by medical examination. Prevention and treatment of deafness in the elderly should be strengthened.