摘要目的 了解北京市城区中老年人超重/肥胖率,分析体成分和静息代谢率随年龄改变的趋势.方法 对2014年11月至2015年12月在北京医院体检的51 ～ 99岁的858例(男性760例,女性98例)进行体成分和静息代谢率检测.结果 超重率为51.4％,肥胖率为16.9％,且女性超重/肥胖率明显低于男性(P＜0.001);骨骼肌量、肌肉指数、体脂百分比、内脏脂肪面积和静息代谢率在不同年龄段的分布有差异(均P＜0.001).在体重正常组,≥80岁年龄段的骨骼肌量、肌肉指数、静息代谢率显著减少(P＜0.05),体脂百分比和内脏脂肪面积明显增多(P＜0.05);在超重/肥胖组,70～岁年龄段的骨骼肌量、肌肉指数、静息代谢率开始显著减少(P＜0.05),≥80岁年龄段减少更加显著,而70～岁年龄段体脂百分比和内脏脂肪面积明显增多(P＜0.05).结论 北京市城区中老年人超重/肥胖率较高,且男性高于女性;随年龄增长,骨骼肌量、肌肉指数、静息代谢率逐渐减少,而体脂百分比、内脏脂肪面积增加.超重/肥胖人群更早出现体成分和静息代谢率的改变.

abstractsObjective To understand the overweight rate and obesity rate in middle-aged and elderly people in urban area of Beijing,and analyze the changes of body composition and resting metabolic rate with age.Methods From November 2014 to December 2015,body composition measurement and resting metabolic rate detection were conducted among 858 people aged 51 to 99 years,including 760 men,98 women,who received physical examination at Beijing Hospital.Results The overweight rate was 51.4％,and the obesity rate was 16.9％.The overweight rate was 26.5％ and the obesity rate was 14.3％ in women,significantly lower than those in men (54.6％ and 17.2％) (P＜0.001).The distribution of skeletal muscle volume,muscle index,body fat percentage,visceral fat area and resting metabolic rate in different age groups were different (P＜0.001).In the normal weight group,the skeletal muscle volume,muscle index and resting metabolic rate in age group ≥80 years decreased obviously (P＜0.05).At the same time,the body fat percentage and visceral fat area increased obviously (P＜0.05).However,the skeletal muscle volume,muscle index and resting metabolic rate of the overweight and obese groups began to decrease obviously in age group 70-years (P＜0.05),and the decrease in age group ≥80 years was more obvious.At the same time,body fat percentage and visceral fat area increased significantly in age group 70-years (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion The overweight and obesity rates were high in the middle-aged and elderly people in the urban area of Beijing,and the rates were higher in men than in women.With the increase of age,the skeletal muscle volume,muscle index and resting metabolic rate gradually decreased,while the percentage of body fat and visceral fat area increased;Overweight and obese people had earlier changes in body composition and resting metabolic rate.