摘要目的:评价北京市初一学生做眼保健操的情况与1年后眼轴增长的关联性。方法:采用多阶段随机整群抽样，2017年从北京市抽取6个区（县）的9所中学，共1 443名初一学生参与基线调查。研究内容包括眼轴测量、屈光测量和问卷调查。采用多重线性回归分析眼保健操与眼轴增长过度的关系。结果:在1 197名（82.95％）参与两次调查的学生中，年龄 M（ Q R）为12.00（1.00）岁，女生占44.28％，眼轴增长 M（ Q R）为0.22（0.18）mm。在多重线性回归模型中，调整性别、年龄、身高、父母近视人数、户外活动时间、课外读书写字时间后，男生做眼保健操的频率与眼轴增长过度显著相关（ β=-0.135，95% CI：-0.253~-0.018），女生做眼保健操的频率与眼轴增长过度无统计学关联（ β=-0.075，95% CI：-0.207~0.058），男生（ β=-0.028，95% CI：-0.114~0.058）、女生（ β=-0.035，95% CI：-0.134~0.064）做眼保健操认真程度与眼轴增长过度无统计学关联。 结论:北京市男生做眼保健操频率增高有利于减缓其眼轴增长。

abstractsObjective:To evaluate the association between the eye exercises and one-year axial eye elongation in grade 7 students in Beijing.Methods:Sampling was performed using a multistage random cluster approach, and 1 443 students of grade 7 were selected from 9 middle schools in 6 districts for the baseline survey. Data were collected by questionnaires and axial length measurement. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between eye exercises and excessive axial eye elongation.Results:Among 1 197 (82.95%) students with complete information, the median ( Q R) age was 12.00 (1.00) years old, girls accounted for 44.28%, and the median ( Q R) axial eye elongation was 0.22 (0.18) mm. In the multiple linear regression analysis, the frequency of eye exercises was significantly correlated with excessive axial eye elongation in boys ( β=-0.135, 95% CI:-0.253--0.018) but not in girls ( β=-0.075, 95% CI:-0.207- 0.058) after adjusting for sex, age, body height, the number of myopic parents, time spent outdoors and time spent on reading and writing outside class; while the seriousness of eye exercises was not significantly associated with axial eye elongation in boys ( β=-0.028, 95% CI: -0.114-0.058) and girls ( β=-0.035, 95% CI: -0.134-0.064). Conclusion:The increased frequency of eye exercises is beneficial to control the axial eye elongation in boys in Beijing.