摘要人体微生物群系包括人体内的微生物及周围“活动场所”，其中物种数量庞大，功能复杂，分布广泛，可通过16S扩增子测序、宏基因组测序等方法检测。近年来研究提示人体微生物群系的多样性、物种构成、代谢功能及相关代谢物等特征可能与心血管疾病的发生发展密切相关，为揭示慢性病病因、发现新的疾病标志物和干预措施提供了新视角。本文总结了微生物群系与心血管疾病人群研究的设计类型、研究现状和主要结果，概述了未来发展方向和亟需解决的问题。

abstractsThe human microbiome encompasses a diverse array of microorganisms and their functional interactions within the human body. It exhibits a vast diversity of species and complex roles across various body environments. Advanced sequencing technologies, such as 16S amplicon sequencing and metagenomic sequencing, facilitate in-depth analysis on this microbial community. Recent researches have suggested that characteristics of the human microbiome (such as diversity and composition of microbiome, involving metabolic pathways and metabolites) might be associated with the onset and progression of cardiovascular diseases. These findings provide valuable insights into the etiology of chronic diseases and might aid in the development of novel disease biomarkers and intervention strategies. This paper summarizes the designs, current status and key findings of current population-based research in this field, and introduce the future development and analyze the existing critical problems that need further investigations.