摘要空气污染具有显著的公共健康风险，颗粒物（PM）作为空气污染物的重要组成部分，对人类健康的影响引起全球的关注。目前已有大量研究探讨了PM暴露对人群的疾病负担，然而既往对PM的研究多聚焦于呼吸、心血管系统，对PM引起的肾脏影响关注不足。本文综述了大量不同粒径PM与慢性肾脏病之间关系的横断面研究以及队列研究，系统分析了不同粒径PM对慢性肾脏病影响的差异，并探讨了多种效应修饰因子对两者关系的影响。以期减轻PM暴露导致的慢性肾脏病负担，为有效实现精准预防提供依据。

abstractsAir pollution is a significant public health problem, and particulate matter, one of the important air pollutants, has attracted global attention for its impact on human health. Although a large number of studies have been conducted to investigate the impacts, previous studies of particulate matter usually focused on the diseases of respiratory and cardiovascular systems, and less attention was paid to the effects of exposure to particulate matter on renal system. This paper systematically analyzes the differences in the effects of exposures to particulate matter with different particle sizes on chronic kidney disease based on the data of a large number of cross-sectional studies and cohort studies, and introduces the influence of multiple effect modifiers on the relationship between exposures to particulate matter and chronic kidney disease. The findings provide a reference for reducing the burden of chronic kidney disease attribute to particulate matter exposure and evidence to support the precise prevention of chronic kidney disease.