摘要以骶神经调控、胫神经调控、膀胱腔内电刺激为代表的神经调控技术被广泛应用于国内治疗下尿路功能障碍的临床实践中，并不断创新发展，各种国产新装置和新方法也不断自主研发；同时，新的影像技术、近红外技术和分析方法也用于对各种神经调控技术治疗有效的中枢作用机制进行探索。本文重点对国内外上述两方面的研究现状与进展进行述评，强调在下尿路功能障碍的神经调控研究和实践中需坚持守正创新，并深入阐述神经调控中枢机制研究的前景以及存在的挑战。

abstractsSacral neuromodulation, tibial neuromodulation, and intravesical electrical bladder stimulation are the neuromodulation techniques widely used in the clinical practice of lower urinary tract dysfunction in China, and they are constantly innovated and developed, and various new devices and methods from China are innovated. At the same time, new imaging techniques, near infrared techniques, and their analytical methods are also applied to explore the central mechanism of the therapeutic effectiveness of the various neuromodulation techniques. This article focuses on the current status and progress of the above two aspects of national and international research, emphasizes the need to adhere to uphold fundamental principles and break new ground in the research and practice of neuromodulation of lower urinary tract dysfunction, and elaborates on the prospect of the research on the central mechanism of neuromodulation as well as the challenges that exist.