摘要目的 评价氨甲环酸对非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术病人的血液保护作用.方法 择期行非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术的病人260例,性别不限,年龄18～64岁,体重指数16～22 kg/m2,ASA分级Ⅰ～Ⅲ级,NYHA分级Ⅰ～Ⅲ级.采用随机数字表法,将病人随机分为2组(n=130):对照组(C组)和氨甲环酸组(T组).麻醉诱导后T组经30 min静脉输注氨甲环酸1 g,然后以400 mg/h的速率持续输注至术毕;C组给予等容量生理盐水.分别于麻醉诱导前、术毕和术后24 h时,取中心静脉血样,测定Hb、Plt、凝血酶原时间和国际标准化比值.于术后6和24 h时记录胸管引流量.记录术后异体红细胞和血浆的使用情况.记录住院期间死亡和并发症的发生情况.结果 两组各时点Hb、Plt、凝血酶原时间和国际标准化比值比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).与C组比较,T组术后胸管引流量、异体红细胞和血浆的使用率均降低(P＜0.05或0.01).两组未见住院期间死亡和术后并发症的发生.结论 氨甲环酸对非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术病人具有血液保护作用.

abstractsObjective To investigate the blood-saving effect of tranexamic acid in off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB). Methods Two hundred and sixty ASA Ⅰ- Ⅲ and NYHA Ⅰ- Ⅲ patients of both sexes,aged 18-64 yr, with body mass index 16-22 kg/m2 , undergoing OPCAB, were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 130 each): control group (group C) and tranexamic acid group (group T) . Anesthesia was induced with iv injection of midazolam 0.1 mg/kg, fentanyl 5-10μg/kg and pipecuronium 0.1 mg/kg. The patients were tracheal intubated and mechanically ventilated. PEr CO2 was maintained at 35-45 mm Hg. A bolus of tranexamic acid 1 g was infused intravenously within 30 min after indution followed by continuous infusion at 400 mg/h until the end of operation in group T. While equal volume of normal saline was given in control group. Anesthesia was maintained with inhalation of isoflurane and intermittent iv injection of fentanyl and pipecuronium. Venous blood samples were taken before induction, at the end of operation and at 24 h after operation for determination of Hb, platelet count (P1t), prothrombin time (PT) and international normalized ratio (INR). The volume of chest tube drainage was collected and recorded at 6 and 24 h after operation. The requirement for transfusion of allogeneic red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma was also recorded. Results There was no significant difference in Hb, Plt, PTand INR at each time point between the two groups ( P ＞ 0.05). The requirement for transfusion of allogeneic red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma was significantly reduced in group T as compared with group C ( P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01 ). No deaths and complications occurred during hospital stay in the two groups. Conclusion Tranexamic acid exerts the blood-saving effect in OPCAB.