摘要目的 采用大样本临床研究比较不同麻醉方法下胸科手术老年病人术中房颤的发生.方法 择期行肺癌根治术或食管癌根治术病人1 380例,性别不限,年龄60～ 80岁,体重指数16～33kg/m2,ASA分级Ⅰ或Ⅱ级.采用随机数字表法,将病人分为3组(n=460):全身麻醉组(G组)、全身麻醉联合椎旁阻滞组(GP组)和全身麻醉联合硬膜外阻滞组(GE组).GP组在麻醉诱导后,局部注射0.375％罗哌卡因8 ml行术侧T4-7椎旁阻滞.3组麻醉诱导气管插管术后行机械通气,维持PETCO2 35～45 mmHg;麻醉维持:3组均TCI异丙酚,血浆靶浓度2.5 ～ 4.0 μg/ml,G组间断静脉注射舒芬太尼10 μg,总量不超过1.0μg/kg;GP组必要时静脉注射舒芬太尼10 μg;GE组每1.5 h硬膜外注射0.25％罗哌卡因5 ml;维持BIS值40～ 60,3组酌情静脉注射罗库溴铵.记录术中房颤的发生情况.结果 G组、GP组和GE组术中房颤发生率分别为6.1％、3.7％和2.2％,与G组比较,GE组术中房颤发生率降低(P＜0.05),GP组术中房颤发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 与全身麻醉比较,全身麻醉联合硬膜外阻滞下胸科手术老年病人术中房颤发生降低,更适合该类病人;而全身麻醉联合椎旁阻滞下术中房颤发生无明显改善.

abstractsObjective To compare the development of intraoperative atrial fibrillation in elderly patients undergoing thoracic surgery using different anesthetic methods in a large sample clinical trial.Methods A total of 1 380 patients of both sexes,aged 60-80 yr,with body mass index of 16-33 kg/m2,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective radical operations for lung or esophageal cancer,were divided into 3 groups (n =460 each) using a random number table:general anesthesia group (group G),general anesthesia combined with paravertebral block group (group GP),and general anesthesia combined with epidural block group (group GE).After induction of anesthesia,an epidural catheter was placed at T4-7 interspace on the operated side,and 0.375％ ropivacaine 8 ml was administrated via the catheter in group GP.After induction of anesthesia,the patients were tracheally intubated and mechanically ventilated,and the end-tidal pressure of carbon dioxide was maintained at 35-45 mmHg in the 3 groups.Maintenance of anesthesia was as follows:propofol was given by target-controlled infusion with the target plasma concentration of 2.5-4.0 μg/ml in the 3 groups;intermittent iv boluses of sufentanil 10 μg were given,and the total dosage was not expected to exceed 1.0 μg/kg in group G;sufentanil 10 μg was injected intravenously when necessary in group GP;0.25％ ropivacaine 5 ml was injected epidurally every 1.5 h in group GE;bispectral index value was maintained at 40-60;rocuronium was injected intravenously according to the condition in the 3 groups.The development of intraoperative atrial fibrillation was recorded.Results The incidence of intraoperative atrial fibrillation was 6.1％,3.7％ and 2.2％ in G,GP and GE groups,respectively.Compared with group G,the incidence of intraoperative atrial fibrillation was significantly decreased in group GE (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the incidence of intraoperative atrial fibrillation in group GP (P＞0.05).Conclusion Compared with general anesthesia,general anesthesia combined with epidural block can decrease the development of intraoperative atrial fibrillation,it is more suitable for this type of patients,however,general anesthesia combined with paravertebral block produces no improvement in the development of intraoperative atrial fibrillation in elderly patients undergoing thoracic surgery.