摘要目的 评价羟考酮对全麻腹腔镜胆囊切除术老年患者的改良效果.方法 择期腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者160例,年龄65～ 75岁,性别不限,BMI＜30 kg/m2,ASA分级Ⅰ-Ⅲ级.采用随机数字表法分为2组(n=80):全麻组(GA组)和羟考酮+全麻组(OX+GA组).麻醉诱导:闭环靶控输注丙泊酚起始血浆靶浓度2 μg/ml,设定目标BIS值为50,2 min后TCI瑞芬太尼血浆靶浓度4 ng/ml,待BIS值降至70时,静脉注射顺式阿曲库铵0.2 mg/kg,待BIS值降至50、TOF比值降至25％时置入喉罩后行机械通气,维持PETCO235 ～ 45 mmHg.麻醉维持:闭环靶控输注丙泊酚,设定目标BIS值为50,当TOF比值升至10％时,静脉注射顺式阿曲库铵0.1 mg/kg;TCI瑞芬太尼,血浆靶浓度4～6ng/ml.牵拉腹腔脏器前5 min时OX-GA组静脉注射羟考酮0.07 mg/kg.分别于麻醉诱导前5min(T0)、置入喉罩后5 min(T1)、切皮即刻(T2)和牵拉腹腔脏器(T3)时,记录伤害性刺激指数和灌注指数;记录术中心血管事件的发生情况;记录苏醒时间、拔除喉罩时间和PACU停留时间;记录术后48h内恶心呕吐和肩背部疼痛的发生情况.结果 与GA组比较,OX-GA牵拉腹腔脏器时伤害性刺激指数值和灌注指数值升高,术中高血压、心动过速和术后肩背部疼痛、恶心呕吐的发生率降低(P＜0.05).结论 羟考酮用于全麻腹腔镜胆囊切除术老年患者可抑制伤害性刺激,有利于维持血流动力学稳定,减少术后并发症.

abstractsObjective To evaluate the efficacy of oxycodone for improvement of general anesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy in elderly patients.Methods A total of 160 patients of both sexes,aged 65-75 yr,with body mass index ＜30 kg/m2,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ-Ⅲ,scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy,were divided into 2 groups (n =80 each) using a random number table method:general anesthesia group (group GA) and oxycodone + general anesthesia group (group OX+GA).Anesthesia induction:propofol was given by closed-loop infusion at the initial target plasma concentration of 2 μg/ml,the target bispectral index (BIS) value was set at 50,and 2 min later remifentanil was given by target-controlled infusion at the target plasma concentration of 4 ng/ml,and cisatracurium 0.2 mg/kg was intravenously injected when BIS value was decreased to 70.Laryngeal mask airways were inserted and the patients were mechanically ventilated when BIS value was decreased to 50 and TOF ratio was decreased to 25％,and end-tidal pressure of carbon dioxide was maintained at 35-45 mmHg.Anesthesia maintenance:propofol was given by closed-loop infusion,the target BIS value was set at 50,cisatracurium 0.1 mg/kg was intravenously injected when TOF ratio was increased to 10％;remifentanil was given by target-controlled infusion at the target plasma concentration of 4-6 ng/ml.Oxycodone 0.07 mg/kg was intravenously injected at 5 min before stretching internal organs.Before anesthesia,at 5 min after laryngeal mask airway placement,at skin incision and while stretching internal organs,analgesia nociception index value and perfusion index value were recorded,the development of intraoperative cardiovascular events,emergence time,time for removal of laryngeal mask airway,time of post-anesthesia care unit stay and development of nausea and vomiting and back and shoulder pain within 48 h after surgery were also recorded.Results Compared with group GA,the analgesia nociception index value and perfusion index value were significantly increased while stretching internal organs,and the incidence of intraoperative hypertension,tachycardia,and nausea and vomiting and back and shoulder pain within 48 h after surgery were decreased in group OX-GA (P＜0.05).Conclusion Oxycodone can inhibit nociceptive stimuli,is helpful in maintaining stable hemodynamics and reduces postoperative complications in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under combined general anesthesia.