摘要目的 评价喉上神经阻滞联合环甲膜穿刺气道表面麻醉用于Pierre Robin综合征患儿气管插管术的效果.方法 择期全麻下行腭裂修补术的Pierre Robin综合征患儿32例,ASA分级Ⅰ或 Ⅱ 级,年龄5～12个月,体重5～13 kg,采用随机数字表法分为2组(n=16):对照组(C组)和喉上神经阻滞联合环甲膜穿刺气道表面麻醉组(ST组).入室面罩吸入七氟烷麻醉后,ST组在超声引导下双侧喉上神经分别注射2％利多卡因0.5 ml,然后经环甲膜穿刺注射2％利多卡因1ml,C组采用麻醉喷雾器经口向舌根部及咽喉部喷洒2％利多卡因2 ml.3 min后2组患儿在可视喉镜引导下行气管插管术.记录气管插管期间心血管反应、声带活动和体动反应的发生情况,记录气管插管时间、首次气管插管成功情况和患儿对气管导管的耐受情况.结果 与C组比较,ST组心血管反应、声带活动和体动反应的发生率降低,气管插管时间缩短,首次气管插管成功率升高,气管导管耐受性评分降低(P<0.05).结论 喉上神经阻滞联合环甲膜穿刺气道表面麻醉用于Pierre Robin综合征患儿可提供良好的气管插管条件.

abstractsObjective To evaluate the efficacy of airway topical anesthesia with combination of su-perior laryngeal nerve block ( SLNB) and thyrocricoid membrane puncture for tracheal intubation in the ped-iatric patients with Pierre Robin Sequence. Methods Thirty-two American Society of Anesthesiologist physical statusⅠorⅡpediatric patients with Pierre Robin Sequence, aged 5-12 months, weighing 5-13 kg, scheduled for elective cleft palate repair under general anesthesia, were divided into 2 groups ( n=16 each) using a random number table method: control group ( group C) and airway topical anesthesia with SLNB-thyrocricoid membrane puncture group ( group ST) . After anesthesia was induced by inhaling sevoflu-rane by mask on admission to the operating room, 2％ lidocaine 0. 5 ml was injected around the bilateral su-perior laryngeal nerve under ultrasound guidance, and then 2％ lidocaine 1 ml was injected via the thyrocri-coid membrane in group ST, and the root of tongue, pharynx and larynx were sprayed with 2％ lidocaine by using a laryngotracheal mucosal atomization device in group C. The pediatric patients were tracheally intuba-ted guided by a video laryngoscope 3 min later. The development of cardiovascular responses, vocal cord activity and body movement was recorded during intubation. The intubation time, success rate of intubationat first attempt and patient′s tolerance to tube were recorded. The occurrence of postoperative hoarseness was also recorded. Results Compared with group C, the incidence of cardiovascular responses, vocal cord activity and body movement was significantly decreased, the intubation time was shortened, the suc-cess rate of intubation at first attempt was increased, and the patient′s tolerance to tube score was decreased in group ST ( P<0. 05) . Conclusion Airway topical anesthesia with combination of SLNB and thyrocricoid membrane puncture can provide better intubation conditions when used for the pediatric patients with Pierre Robin Sequence.