摘要目的:评价舒芬太尼对小鼠周围神经损伤后雪旺细胞活化的影响。方法:清洁级健康雄性Balb/c小鼠80只，6～8周龄，体重18～22 g，采用随机数字表法分为4组( n＝20)：周围神经损伤组(PNI组)、舒芬太尼高剂量组(H组)、舒芬太尼中剂量组(M组)和舒芬太尼低剂量组(L组)。制备单侧坐骨神经离断损伤模型后即刻，H组、M组和L组分别腹腔注射舒芬太尼10、5、2.5 μg/kg，PNI组腹腔注射等容量生理盐水，1次/d，连续3 d。分别于造模后4、8和12周时，测定坐骨神经功能指数。分别于2、4、8和12周时，每组随机处死5只小鼠，取损伤侧坐骨神经节段，透射电镜下观察坐骨神经超微结构，采用免疫组化法检测坐骨神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)表达。 结果:与PNI组比较，H组和M组造模后各时点坐骨神经功能指数升高，GFAP表达上调( P<0.05)，L组造模后坐骨神经功能指数和GFAP表达差异无统计学意义( P>0.05)；与L组比较，H组和M组坐骨神经功能指数升高，GFAP表达上调( P<0.05)；H组和M组坐骨神经功能指数和GFAP表达比较差异无统计学意义( P>0.05)。H组和M组髓鞘致密、较厚，雪旺细胞增殖不明显；L组和MO组髓鞘疏松、较薄，雪旺细胞增殖明显。 结论:舒芬太尼促进小鼠周围神经损伤后修复的机制可能与促进雪旺细胞活化有关。

abstractsObjective:To evaluate the effect of sufentanil on activation of Schwann cells after peripheral nerve injury in mice.Methods:Eighty healthy pathogen-free male Balb/c mice, aged 6-8 weeks, weighing 18-22 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=20 each) using a random number table method: peripheral nerve injury group (group PNI), high dose sufentanil group (group H), medium dose sufentanil group (group M) and low dose sufentanil group (group L). The model of unilateral sciatic nerve transaction was established in ketamine-anesthetized mice.Immediately after establishment of the model, sufentanil 10, 5 and 2.5 μg/kg was injected intraperitoneally once a day for 3 consecutive days in H, M and L groups, respectively, while the equal volume of normal saline was given instead in group PNI.Sciatic function index (SFI) was calculated at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after establishment of the model.At 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks, 5 mice in each group were sacrificed, and segments of the injuried ipsilateral sciatic nerve were removed for examination of the ultrastructure of the sciatic nerve (with a transmission electron microscope) and for detection of the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) of sciatic nerve (by immunohistochemistry). Results:Compared with group PNI, SFI was significantly increased, and the expression of GFAP was up-regluated at each time point after establishment of the model in H and M groups ( P<0.05) and no significant change was found in SFI and GFAP expression after establishment of the model in group L ( P>0.05). Compared with group L, SFI was significantly increased, and GFAP expression was up-regluated in H and M groups ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in SFI and GFAP expression between group H and group M ( P>0.05). The thickness of myelin lamellae was dense, and the proliferation of Schwann cells was not marked in H and M groups.The thickness of myelin lamellae was thin, and the proliferation of Schwann cells was marked in L and MO groups. Conclusion:The mechanism by which sufentanil improves repair after peripheral nerve injury may be related to promoting activation of Schwann cells in mice.