摘要本文结合1例以抑郁症状起病的原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症(PHPT)患者的的临床资料和文献复习，分析该病的病因、临床表现、诊断、治疗及预后等。该患者因抑郁症状进行体检，发现肾结石后首次就诊于泌尿外科，查血钙2.86 mmol/L，第二次就诊于内分泌科，综合分析患者共存的精神及肾脏系统症状，明确诊断PHPT。PHPT临床表现多样，诸如抑郁、焦虑、情绪波动等症状较少被评估，以精神症状起病或伴有精神症状的PHPT患者，应当引起医生的重视，早期筛查血钙和甲状旁腺激素(PTH)，早期诊断，尽早干预，改善患者的生活质量及预后。

abstractsWe report a case of primary hyperparathyroidism(PHPT) with depressive symptoms as initial manifestation. Literature review was conduct to further analyze the etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the disease. The initial symptoms of the patients was the mental system depression and kidney stones was found by physical examination. She first visited a doctor in the urology department after a kidney stones was found. Blood calcium 2.86 mmol/L was found. At second visit, a doctor from endocrinology department conducted a comprehensive examination on the patient′s coexisting mental and renal system symptoms, clearly identified, her as PHPT. The clinical manifestations of PHPT are diverse. Symptoms such as depression, anxiety, mood swings, etc. are rarely evaluated. PHPT patients with onset or accompanied by psychiatric symptoms should be paid attention to by doctors, Measures should be taken to improve the quality of life and prognosis of patients through early screening of blood calcium and parathyroid hormone for timely diagnosis.