摘要目的:探讨青少年起病的成人型糖尿病2型(MODY2)患者的临床及分子遗传学特征。方法:收集西安市儿童医院内分泌遗传代谢科近2年诊断的5例MODY2患者及其家系成员的临床资料和实验室检查结果。对所有先证者行全外显子组基因检测，筛选出的变异位点在各家系中行Sanger测序验证。结果:5个先证者中除先证者4有多饮多尿表现外，其余患儿的高血糖均为意外发现。所有先证者尿常规、尿蛋白五项及血脂均无异常，HbA 1C 5.96%~8.15%。不同于以往MODY2患者，本研究发现先证者5同时存在胰岛素抵抗。基因检测证实5个家系均存在葡萄糖激酶(GCK)基因突变，共包含4种突变类型：c.146C>T(p.T49I)、c.1237T>G(p.Y413D)、c.683C>T(p.T228M)及c.952G>T(p.G318W)。c.1237T>G(p.Y413D)及c.952G>T(p.G318W)为尚未报道的新突变。给予所有先证者生活方式干预，血糖控制相对平稳。 结论:MODY2可能合并胰岛素抵抗；该病治疗可仅给予生活方式干预，效果良好；本研究发现的GCK基因2个新的突变位点拓展了该病基因突变谱。

abstractsObjective:To explore the clinical and molecular genetic characteristics of patients with maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 2(MODY2).Methods:Clinical data and laboratory results were collected from five MODY2 patients and their family members diagnosed in the Department of Endocrinology, Genetics, and Metabolism of Xi ′an Children′s Hospital in the recent two years. Whole exome sequencing was carried out on every proband to identify potential variants, then the suspected variants were verified with Sanger sequencing in family numbers.Results:Among the 5 probands, except for proband 4 who presented with polydipsia and polyuria, hyperglycemia in the rest of the children was accidentally identified. Urine routine, urinary protein, and blood lipid of the five probands were all normal, and HbA 1C was between 5.96% and 8.15%. Moreover, an important discovery in this study was that proband 5 had insulin resistance(IRS), which was different from previous studies. It was confirmed by genetic analysis that a glucokinase(GCK) gene variant existed in every MODY2 pedigree. There were four GCK variants in this study, including c. 146C>T(p.T49I), c. 1237T>G(p.Y413D), c. 683C>T(p.T228M) and c. 952G>T(p.G318W), among which the C. 1237T>G(P.y413d) and C. 952G>T(P.G318W) had not been reported till now. All probands received lifestyle intervention, and the blood glucose control was relatively stable. Conclusion:There is MODY2 patient complicated with IRS. MODY2 patients can be controlled well by lifestyle interventions. In addition, we discovered two novel variants of GCK, which extend the mutation spectrum of this gene.