摘要患者女，50岁，就诊前20余天，不慎额部遭轻微撞击后，感额部间断发作性隐痛，偶有轻度头昏，当地医院诊断为血管神经性头痛，口服西比灵片后，病情无明显缓解。CT：额骨及双侧顶骨多发局限性骨质破坏，密度减低区，邻近软组织肿胀。磁共振成像：额骨及双侧顶骨多发结节状等T1稍长T2信号，弥散稍受限，增强明显强化，且邻近脑膜线状强化。全身骨扫描提示颅骨多处可见放射性异常浓聚灶。查梅毒螺旋体特异性抗体阳性，快速血浆反应素试验（RPR）1∶128；脑脊液检查：脑脊液压力正常，有核细胞8×106/L，糖4.0 mmol/L，氯化物129.1 mmol/L，蛋白0.9 g/L，脑脊液RPR 1∶16阳性，特异性抗体测定阳性。组织病理：颅骨溶骨性破坏区碎骨组织周围组织充血，间质纤维组织增生，内皮细胞肿胀，以浆细胞为主炎症细胞浸润。治疗：按神经梅毒的治疗方案治疗，头痛于治疗1周后缓解，2周后基本消失，4周后完全消失，之后未再出现类似的头痛。最后诊断：获得性梅毒性颅骨骨髓炎合并梅毒性脑膜炎。

abstractsA 50?year?old woman presented with intermittent dull pain in the forehead and mild dizziness occasionally after her forehead was subjected to a mild bump accidentally 20 days prior to the presentation, and was diagnosed with angioneurotic headache in a local hospital. After the treatment with oral sibelium tablets, the condition wasn′t relieved obviously. Computed tomography (CT) scan showed multiple localized bone destruction and low?density area in the frontal and bilateral parietal bones with adjacent soft tissue swelling. Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)revealed equal T1 signals and slightly long T2 signals for multiple nodules in the frontal and bilateral parietal bones, high signals on diffusion?weighted imaging (DWI), obvious enhancement on contrast?enhanced MRI, and linear enhancement in adjacent meninges. Whole?body bone scintigraphy showed multiple increased radionuclide uptake in the skull. Laboratory examination demonstrated that specific antibodies to Treponema pallidum (Tp) were positive, and the serum rapid plasma reagin(RPR)titer was 1∶128. Cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)examination showed normal CSF pressure, nucleated cell counts(8 × 106/L)and glucose level(4.0 mmol/L), slightly high chloride flux(129.1 mmol/L), high protein level(0.9 g/L), high CSF?RPR titer of 1∶16 and presence of specific antibodies to Tp. Histopathological examination revealed hyperemia of adjacent tissues in the cranial osteolytic area, hyperplasia of interstitial fibrous tissue, endothelial cell swelling, and infiltration of inflammatory cells mainly containing plasma cells. The treatment regimen for neurosyphilis was given, and headache was relieved after 1 week of treatment, basically disappeared after 2 weeks, and completely disappeared after 4 weeks, and no similar headache occurred thereafter. Finally, the patient was diagnosed with acquired syphilitic skull osteomyelitis complicated by syphilitic meningitis.