摘要免疫检查点抑制剂在过去几年中已成为许多恶性黑素瘤患者的重要治疗选择，其旨在恢复并促进效应T细胞特异性识别和杀伤肿瘤细胞的功能，系统性增强全身的抗肿瘤免疫反应，对于手术切除后具有高复发风险或处于疾病晚期（不可切除或存在转移）的患者都是较好的治疗选择。目前免疫检查点抑制的主要目标是程序性细胞死亡受体1与细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原4，它们分别是中枢和外周免疫耐受的两个关键受体。本文主要讨论不同免疫检查点抑制剂的临床效应、可能存在的药物反应性预测标志物与相关不良反应。

abstractsImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become an important treatment option for many patients with malignant melanoma in the past few years. ICIs can restore and promote the function of effector T cells to specifically recognize and kill tumor cells, and systemically enhance anti-tumor immune response of the body, so they are a good treatment option for patients who have a high risk of recurrence after surgery or are at an advanced stage of disease (unresectable or metastatic melanoma). The main targets of current ICIs are programmed cell death-1 receptor and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4, which are two key receptors for central and peripheral immune tolerance respectively. This review mainly discusses clinical efficacy of different ICIs, potential biomarkers for predicting response to ICIs and ICI-related adverse reactions.