摘要目的 建立肝、肾移植受者术后生存质量评价体系,初步研制评价该类受者生存质量的专用量表.方法 主客观评价相结合,通过文献分析法、德尔菲法(专家咨询法)、访谈法和研究者经验法初步确定生存质量评价指标体系及编制量表条目.随后在5家三甲医院对肝、肾移植受者进行临床调研,获得肝移植有效问卷153份,肾移植有效问卷301份.运用权威系数值法、离散趋势法、相关系数法、探索性因子分析等客观统计学方法完成量表条目的筛选.结果 确立了肝、肾移植受者生存质量评价指标体系,包括4个一级指标和12个二级指标,并分别研制了适合于肝移植和肾移植后受者的生存质量评价量表.结论 肝、肾移植受者术后生存质量量表结构基本符合理论设想,量表信效度良好,能够较全面地反映受者生存质量状况.

abstractsObjective To Establish an evaluation system of the quality of life for Chinese liver and kidney transplant recipients,and develop a specialized scale to measure the quality of life (QOL)for such recipients preliminarily.Methods By combining subjective and objective methods,this study determined the evaluation system and created items of QOL scale based on literature analysis,Delphi method (expert consultation),interviews,and experience of researchers.Then,a nationwide clinical survey was conducted on 5 Level Ⅲ Class A hospitals.454 valid questionnaires were collected,including 153 from liver recipients,and 301 from kidney recipients.Subjective statistical methods such as critical Ratio method,correlation coefficient method,dispersion tendency method,and exploratory factor analysis were used for selection of questionnaire items.Results The study established an evaluation system of QOL for liver and kidney transplant recipients,including 4 primary indexes and 12 secondary indexes,and developed QOL scales that were appropriate for liver and kidney transplant recipients respectively.Conclusions The structure of QOL scale for liver and kidney transplant recipients was basically consistent with theoretical assumption.The QOL scale for patients showed good reliability and validity,therefore,it can fully reflect the quality of their life.