摘要三维生物打印已经成为当前构建气管移植物的热门方式之一，不同类型的生物材料在气管支架的制备和再生过程中具备其独有的性能优势。寻找具有可打印性、良好结构稳定性和生物相容性的天然或聚合材料，实现组织工程气管的软骨化、上皮化和血管化再生对于制备可用于移植的气管支架尤为重要。本文现就三维生物打印气管支架所面临的问题和挑战、打印材料的分类以及应用进行综述，以期为气管替代研究提供新思路，以促进组织工程气管移植物的转化应用。

abstractsCurrently three dimensional bio-printing technology has become one of the hot topics for tissue engineering tracheal grafting.Different biomaterials have their own performance advantages in the preparation and regeneration of tracheal scaffolds.It is particularly imperative to seek natural or polymeric materials with excellent profiles of printability, structural stability and biocompatibility to enable neo-cartilage formation, neo-epithelialization and neo-vascularization of tissue engineering trachea grafting.This review summarized the shortcomings and challenges of classifying and applying materials for three dimensional bio-printing tissue engineering trachea, aiming to provide new rationales for researches and applications of tissue engineering tracheal grafting.