摘要目的 探讨急诊科不同来诊方式就诊患者的就诊规律及特点,为进一步明确急诊科救治重点、合理分配急诊资源及优化急诊流程提供依据.方法 通过达州市中西医结合医院信息系统调取2017年23 039例急诊患者的就诊信息,按照不同来诊方式将患者分为自行来院组和救护车接送组,对两组患者的就诊规律及病种特点进行比较.结果 23 039例急诊患者中,20 856例为自行来院就诊患者,2 183例为救护车接送患者.自行来院组青年患者比例最高(45.97％,9 587/20 856),救护车接送组老年患者比例最高(40.04％,874/2 183).一年四季中,自行来院组就诊量夏季最多,救护车接送组就诊量冬季最多,春季均就诊量最低;8月自行来院组月最高,1月救护车接送组月最高,4月均最低;两组患者周就诊量均无明显波动;自行来院组中日高峰时段为18:00-2:00,救护车接送组为10:00-18:00.就诊量前5位的系统疾病中,自行来院组依次为外伤、消化系统、其他类、呼吸系统和泌尿系统疾病,救护车接送组依次为神经系统、外伤、消化系统、呼吸系统和循环系统疾病;自行来院组和救护车接送组患者住院率分别为14.41％(3 006/20 856)和76.64％(1 564/2 183).结论 不同来诊方式的急诊患者就诊规律及病种特点分布均不同,可考虑根据该规律提前做好急救物资、救护车量及人员准备,合理分配急诊资源,进一步优化就诊流程,提高急诊处置能力,保证患者安全.

abstractsObjective To explore the characteristics of patients visiting emergency department by different ways of transportation.Methods The medical information of 23 039 patients visiting emergency department from January 2017 to December 2017 was obtained through the Hospital Information System (HIS).There were 20 856 patients visiting emergency arranged by themselves (self-visiting group),and 2 183 patients sent by ambulance (ambulance group).The characteristics of two groups were compared.Results The proportion of young patients in the self-visit group was the highest (45.97％,9 587/20 856),and the proportion of elderly patients in the ambulance group was the highest (40.04％,874/2 183).Throughout the year,the number of patients who came to the hospital by themselves was the highest in the summer,that by ambulance was the highest in the winter,while that was the lowest in spring for both groups.There was no significant fluctuation in the number of patients who came to the hospital during the week.In the self-visited group,the daily peak hours were 18:00-02:00 at night and the ambulance group were 10:00-18:00.The number of visits for top 5 system diseases were trauma,digestive system,other diseases,respiratory system and urinary system diseases in self-visiting group;and were nervous system,trauma,digestive system,respiratory system and circulatory system diseases in ambulance group.The hospitalization rates of self-visiting group and ambulance group were 14.41％ (3 006/20 856) and 76.64％ (1 564/2 183),respectively.Conclusion The emergency patients with different visiting modes have different characteristics.The information would be useful for rationally allocate emergency resources,optimize the treatment process,improve the emergency capacity and ensure the safety of patients.