摘要乳腺癌易感基因（BRCA）是重要的抑癌基因，其突变与乳腺癌、卵巢癌、胰腺癌、前列腺癌等肿瘤的发生相关。本文综述近年来BRCA基因突变与相关肿瘤关系的研究显示，BRCA基因突变携带者发生乳腺癌、卵巢癌的风险是正常人群的数十倍，其胰腺癌、前列腺癌、直肠癌的发生率也远高于正常人群，对于符合一定条件的高风险人群，早期进行BRCA基因检测可评估多种肿瘤的发病风险、制定风险管理策略，更好地做到早发现、早诊断、早治疗，改善恶性肿瘤预后。

abstractsBreast cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA) is a tumor suppressor gene. The carriers of BRCA mutation have a significantly higher risk of breast, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate and rectal cancers than the general population. BRCA gene detection can effectively evaluate the risk of relevant malignant tumors. In this article, the recent research progress on the relationship between BRCA gene mutations and related cancers is summarized, and the roles of BRCA gene testing in the prevention and management of relevant malignant tumors are discussed.