摘要目的:比较导师现场传授与录像演示培训方法在产钳助产模拟教学中的培训效果。方法:采用前瞻性随机对照研究方法，连续纳入2019—2021年度在北京协和医院产科轮转的49名住院医师为研究对象，用随机数字表的方式分为导师组（24名）和录像组（25名），模拟教学课导师组由导师现场讲解并亲自演示操作方法，录像组观看录像学习理论知识和操作演示。两组均于模拟教学课前、后行自信心问卷调查；采用理论笔试和客观结构化的技能考核评估体系评估学员掌握产钳助产操作技能的程度，比较两组的差异。结果:模拟教学课后，导师组和录像组的自信心调查结果在每一项上均高于课前，提高分数分别为理论知识掌握程度（1.54±0.98）与（1.40±0.71）分，操作方法掌握程度为（1.42±0.93）与（1.80±0.87）分，对产钳结构的了解为（1.63±1.10）与（1.88±0.93）分，独立操作的信心为（1.13±0.90）与（1.00±1.08）分，对模拟教学的评价为（0.21±0.51）与（0.16±0.55）分，两组差异均无统计学意义（均 P>0.05）。在笔试的环节，导师组的得分高于录像组［（83.00±7.18）比（70.56±10.37）分］，差异有统计学意义（ t=4.86， P<0.001）；实践操作评分方面，导师组的核查表总分［（6.17±1.46）比（4.72±1.65）分］及“右叶放置”［（0.71±0.46）比（0.20±0.41）分］、“正确的牵引”［（0.85±0.31）比（0.56±0.51）分］的得分均高于录像组，差异均有统计学意义（ U=155.49， P=0.003； U=147.54， P<0.001； U=213.86， P=0.036）。 结论:导师组现场传授的模拟教学效果总体优于录像组，两组均能增强学员学习和运用助产技能的自信心。

abstractsObjective:To evaluate the effectiveness of hands-on training and video demonstration in training of forceps delivery for residents.Methods:Forty nine residents who were rotating in the obstetrics department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2019 to 2021 were enrolled. The residents were randomly divided into two groups: the instructor group ( n=24) was taught by hands-on training of forceps delivery and the video group ( n=25) was instructed by watching video demonstration. All the trainees completed the self-confidence questionnaire survey, and were evaluated by written tests and objective structured assessment of technical skills scoring system. Results:The scores of self-confidence in each item after the simulation training were higher than those before training in both groups; and there were no significant differences between two groups in the increment of scores(mastering knowledge: 1.54±0.98 vs. 1.40±0.71, U=266.68, P=0.480;mastering operation skills: 1.42±0.93 vs.1.80±0.87, U=233.47, P=0.161; mastering forceps structure: 1.63±1.10 vs. 1.88±0.93, U=261.63, P=0.416; confidence in independent operation: 1.13±0.90 vs. 1.00±1.08, U=287.74, P=0.799; evaluation of simulation training: 0.21±0.51 vs. 0.16±0.55, U=288.27, P=0.776). In the written tests, the scores of the instructor group were significantly higher than those of the video group (83.00±7.18 vs.70.56±10.37; t=4.86, P<0.001). In the practical operation, the instructor group significantly outperformed the video group in items of “right blade placement” (0.71±0.46 vs. 0.20±0.41, U=147.54, P<0.001), “objective total score” (6.17±1.46 vs. 4.72±1.65, U=155.49, P=0.003) and “correct traction” (0.85±0.31 vs. 0.56±0.51, U=213.86, P=0.036). Conclusion:Training delivered via hands-on instruction and demonstration was generally more effective than that delivered via video, although both groups show a increased self-confidence in learning and performing forceps delivery.