摘要目的 通过对小脑损伤患者时间知觉的研究,了解小脑参与时间感知加工的可能机制.方法 采用时距复制任务,对26例小脑损伤患者和在年龄、利手及受教育程度上相匹配的26名健康对照者的时间知觉能力进行研究.试验包括持续呈现的视觉目标形式的3段标准时间(600ms、3和5 s),呈现结束后,延迟1或5 s进行复制.结果 小脑损伤组与健康对照组均对600 ms有高估,而对3和5 s有低估;与健康对照组比较,小脑损伤患者对600 ms时距复制[延迟时间为1和5 s的复制结果(s)分别为1.37±0.24、1.26±0.29]结果的差异均有统计学意义(Z=-5.247、-4.230,均P<0.01),而对3和5 s的时距复制结果(延迟时间为1和5 s)均无统计学意义(Z=-1.200、-0.092、-1.519、-0.723,均P>0.05).结论 小脑损伤患者对瞬时时间的感知明显受损,而对长时间的感知无损伤,提示小脑可能特异性地参与了毫秒时间感知的认知加工.

abstractsObjective To explore further the abilities of cerebellar lesions in skills of time estimation, and to test the hypothesis that cerebellum is involved in the special network of time perception. Methods Time reproduction was required for 3 time intervals of 600-milliseconds, 3 and 5 seconds with visual discrimination for control. Participants reproduce those time intervals after 1-second or 5-seconds of delay. Twenty-six patients with cerebellar lesions were compared to 26 healthy controls, matched for age, handedness, education. Results 600-milliseconds was overestimated by both cerebellar lesions and healthy controls, however, both 3-seconds and 5-seconds were underestimated. Patients with cerebellar lesions were significantly impaired on 600-milliseconds reproduction task ( delaying 1 s or 5 s, 1.37 ± 0.24, 1.26 ± 0.29 respectively, Z=-5.347, -4.230, both P<0.01). No group differences were found for the 3-seconds and 5-seconds time reproduction (delaying 1 s or 5 s, Z=-1.200,-0.092,-1.519, -0.723, all P>0.05). Conclusion The findings suggest that patients with cerebellar lesions perform poorly during measurement of the shorter interval, but show no impairment of longer intervals perception, supporting the hypotheses that cerebellum is specifically involved in the perception of sub-second intervals.