摘要缺血性卒中和短暂性脑缺血发作（TIA）是最常见的脑血管病类型，占比超80%。循证而有效的二级预防策略是减少患者复发、致残和死亡的重要手段。中华医学会神经病学分会及其脑血管病学组组织相关专家在《中国缺血性脑卒中和短暂性脑缺血发作二级预防指南2014》基础上，结合近8年来我国的临床实践和国内外相关的循证医学证据，制订了《中国缺血性卒中和短暂性脑缺血发作二级预防指南2022》。本指南对缺血性卒中和TIA二级预防的危险因素控制、病因诊断评估、针对病因的药物和非药物治疗以及医疗服务质量等进行了系统更新，旨在为我国缺血性卒中和TIA二级预防的临床实践提供循证的规范性指导。

abstractsIschemic stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA) are the most common subtypes of all strokes, accounting for 80% of cerebrovascular diseases. Evidence-based and effective secondary prevention is an important approach to reduce the risk of stroke recurrence, disability and mortality. Chinese Society of Neurology and Chinese Stroke Society organized relevant experts to formulate the "Chinese guideline for the secondary prevention of ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack 2022", based on the "Chinese guideline for the secondary prevention of ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack 2014" and relevant evidence-based medical evidences in recent 8 years as well as clinical practice in China. This guideline systematically updates the risk factor control, etiological diagnosis and evaluation, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment for different etiologies, and medical service quality for ischemic stroke and TIA, in order to provide the evidence-based standardized guidance for the secondary prevention of ischemic stroke and TIA in China.