摘要目的:通过显微解剖研究明确外囊以上层面白质纤维束的解剖结构。方法:选取8例成人尸头(16侧大脑半球)，采用Klingler纤维束固定及剥离方法，在6~40倍显微镜下进行白质纤维束的剥离，观察外囊以上层面白质纤维束的解剖结构及各白质纤维束之间的相互关系。结果:大脑的外囊以上层面存在多种白质纤维束，剥离大脑表面灰质后为最浅层、分布最广的"U"型纤维束，其与外囊之间的纤维束主要包括上纵束、弓状束、中纵束、下纵束，以及最外囊、屏状核纤维束；这些白质纤维束的走行及相互关系基本固定。结论:通过显微解剖研究可明确外囊以上层面白质纤维束的走行方向以及各白质纤维束之间的关系，有利于临床医生规划安全、精准的手术方式，并可为脑功能研究提供相关依据。

abstractsObjective:To explore the structures of the white matter fiber tracts above the external capsule by micro-anatomical study.Methods:Eight formalin-fixed (10%) adult human brains (16 hemispheres) were examined by using Klingler fiber dissection technique with the aid of a microscope at 6-40 magnification. The structures and relationships of the fiber tracts above the external capsule were observed.Results:There are multiple kinds of fiber tracts above the external capsule. After removing the gray matter, the U fibers were exposed, which were the most superficial and widely distributed fiber tracts. The main fiber tracts between the U fibers and external capsule included the superior longitudinal fasciculus, arcuate fasciculus, middle longitudinal fasciculus, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, extreme capsule, external capsule, claustrum and its fiber tracts. The courses of those fibers tracts and their connections with each other were mainly constant.Conclusions:The directions and relationships of the fiber tracts that above the external capsule can be confirmed by the method of micro-anatomy. This study can facilitate the formulation of safe and accurate surgical plans by physicians and provide relevant basis for the research of the brain function.